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Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche
弗里德里希·威廉·尼采
Nietzsche’s early childhood is itself a story of writing, reading, illness and isolation. He was sent to the local school but then gained a place at the elite academy of Pforta in 1858. By 1862，we find the young Nietzsche already recording his doubts about the religious faith that dominated his home background. He was turning even then to ideas of evolution, and already had begun to speculate on the human condition: “...we scarcely even know whether humanity itself is only a step.” Jaspers remarks that “Nietzsche philosophises as a boy.”
尼采有一個被寫作、閱讀、疾病與孤獨充斥的童年。他被送入本地的學校，而在1858年獲得了在普福塔精英學院學習的機會。到了1862年，我們發現年輕的尼采已經對統治其生活環境的宗教信仰產生了懷疑。他甚至在那時就已經開始關注進化論思想，并思考人類的生存狀態，“我們幾乎不知道人類本身是否只是一個階段。”雅斯帕斯評論道，“尼采像一個孩子一樣進行哲思。
Nietzsche was certainly an intense boy, often lonely and absorbed by ideas. In 1863，we find him already struggling to convey the mass of his thoughts on paper: “I stare for a long time at the white paper in front of me, troubled by the confused crowd of themes.” This sense of “abundance” is one of the experiences given to the character Zarathustra.
毫無疑問，尼采是一個感情強烈的孩子，他經常是孤單的，而且沉迷于各種各樣的想法。我們發現早在1863年他就努力把自己的思想記錄下來：“我長時間地盯著眼前的白紙，眾多的觀點集結于此，困擾著我。”這個“豐富”的意識，后來被加在了查拉圖斯特拉的性格上。
In 1865, Nietzsche went to Leipzig as a student, where he shifted to the study of classical philology, the ancient languages and their origins. Already he saw his own future in learning and teaching: “My goal is to become a truly practical teacher...”
1865年，尼采游學萊比錫，并轉而攻讀經典語言學，學習古代語言以及它們的來源。他把自己的未來生活確定為學習與教書：“我的目標是成為一名真正的教 師…”
Nietzsche was searching for fellow spirits and in 1865 he discovered in a bookshop the major work of Schopenhauer, The World as Will and Representation. For the student Nietzsche, this book by his older contemporary was a mirror of his own thoughts and struggles. Throughout his life, Nietzsche needed heroes of thought, models for his own quest.
尼采一直在找尋靈魂上的同伴。1865年他在書店里找到了叔本華的《作為意識與表象的世界》。對于還是一名學生的尼采來說，這部由一個年齡稍長于他的同時代人所寫的作品，正是一面他自己的思維及其斗爭的鏡子。尼采一生都在探索和尋求，期待著思想的偉人和典范。
In 1867, he enrolled in the army, but he still kept on learning. Now Nietzsche was acquiring other heroes, such as the ancient Greek thinker Democritus. In 1868, Nietzsche was reading and writing about the late eighteenth-century German authority Kant. In the same year, he met the composer Richard Wagner whom he described as “a fabulously vivacious, fiery man” . In 1871, Nietzsche started work on what became his first book, The Birth of Tragedy.
1867年，尼采應征入伍，但仍然堅持學習。此時的尼采結識到其他一些偉人的思想，例如古希臘思想家德摸克利特。1868年，尼采閱讀并寫了一部關于18世紀晚期德國權威思想家康德的作品。同一年，尼采遇見了作曲家理查德·瓦格納，并將他描述為“一個驚人地樂觀與熱烈的人”。1871年，尼采開始寫作他的第一部作品《悲劇的誕生》。
In January 1883, Nietzsche wrote Book I of TSZ in 10 days. The period after that was a time of intense productiveness. He died in Aug. 24, 1900.
1883年1月，尼采在十天內完成了《如是說》的第一部。此后，是尼采極為多產的時期。尼采卒于1900年8月24日。
