評論
打印
Segment 14d: Fall of the Western Empire
14章 第四部分 西羅馬的滅亡
On the death of Theodosius the Great in 395 AD the Roman Empire was divided for good into its Eastern and Western halves.
狄奧多西大帝395年死后，羅馬帝國被劃分為東西兩部分。
The Eastern Empire benefited from fairly stable leadership to go along with its other military and economic advantages, but the Western Empire staggered on under the leadership of German Generals and Roman puppet Emperors.
東羅馬帝國得益于相當(dāng)穩(wěn)定的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)局勢以及軍事優(yōu)勢和經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力，但是西羅馬卻在日耳曼軍事將領(lǐng)和傀儡皇帝的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下?lián)u搖欲墜。
In 475 AD the Western Emperor Julius Nepos made the mistake of letting the German General Orestes command his armies, before year's end Orestes a former associate of Attila the Hun had repelled against Nepos and drove him out of his capital of Ravenna because as a German Orestes was not considered imperial material Oretses crowned a puppet Emperor his own son Romulus Augustus, this arrangement lasted one year.
公元475年，西羅馬皇帝朱利葉斯做了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的決定，讓日耳曼將軍俄瑞斯忒斯領(lǐng)導(dǎo)自己的軍隊(duì)。那年年底，昔日匈奴的同謀俄瑞斯忒斯廢除了朱利葉斯，把他趕出都城拉韋納。因?yàn)槎砣鹚惯故侨斩瞬荒芊Q帝，因此他扶持了一個(gè)傀儡皇帝，即自己的兒子羅慕路·奧古斯都路斯，但這只持續(xù)了一年。
In 476 the mercenary General Odovacar declared himself king of Italy, killed Orestes and packed little Romulus Augustus off for good.
476年，軍事首領(lǐng)奧多亞克殺了俄瑞斯忒斯，自立為意大利國王，并且廢除了年幼的羅慕路·奧古斯都路斯。
Realising that he lacked the status to become Emperor Odovacar returned the imperial regalia and crowns and what "not back to the Eastern" Emperor Zeno at Constantinople in return Zeno confirmed Odovacar as "King of Italy".
意識到自己做皇帝，名不正言不順。奧多亞克把王權(quán)和王冠奉還給東羅馬君士坦丁堡的皇帝芝諾。作為回報(bào)，芝諾認(rèn)可奧多亞克為“意大利的國王”。
So ended the Roman Empire in the West, according at least to enlightenment historians like Edward Gibbon.
這樣就結(jié)束了西羅馬帝國的統(tǒng)治。至少啟蒙歷史學(xué)家例如愛德華·吉本是這么認(rèn)為的。
The common people of the Western Empire probably didn't even notice.
可是西羅馬的普通百姓可能都沒有注意到這一變化。
In Northern Africa the Vandals had established their kingdom.
在非洲北部，汪達(dá)爾人建立自己的王國。
The Visigoths ruled most of Spain along with South-Western France, Western France was divided among the Burgundians the South and the Franks to the North.
西哥特人統(tǒng)治了西班牙大部地區(qū)以及法國西南部，西法的南部由勃墾第人統(tǒng)治，北部由法蘭克人統(tǒng)治。
