評(píng)論
打印
This diversity brought desperately needed new blood to roman society.
這種多樣性給羅馬社會(huì)注入了它所急需的新鮮血液。
Four of the five good emperors could trace their ancestors through to either Spain or Southern France.
五賢帝中的四位皇帝，其祖先都可以追溯到西班牙或者法國(guó)南部。
Although the principate was a dictatorship built on control of the roman military
盡管元首統(tǒng)治是基于對(duì)羅馬軍隊(duì)控制基礎(chǔ)上的獨(dú)裁統(tǒng)治，
Augustus' successors made some positive contributions to his legacy.
奧古斯都的繼位者還是作出了一些積極貢獻(xiàn)。
Tiberius found the ablest governors he could and left them in their jobs as long as they were willing to serve.
提比略找到了最有能力的總督并且給他們無(wú)限期的任期，只要他們自己愿意。
Claudius streamlined the government taking it away from the Equestrian class,
克勞狄烏斯精簡(jiǎn)了政府，將其從騎士階級(jí)手中收回，
which was more concerned with making a personal fortune and replacing them with ex slaves having specialized in administrative skills.
因?yàn)檫@些騎士階級(jí)更關(guān)心的是如何讓自己發(fā)財(cái)，克勞狄烏斯任用了一批擅長(zhǎng)管理的奴隸來(lái)取而代之。
These freed men as they were called, eased the problem of running an empire with their focus and their competence.
這些獲得自由的奴隸解決了管理帝國(guó)的問題，他們專心致志，頗有能耐。
They tended to look on the Princeps as their patron and leader,
他們傾向于將儲(chǔ)君視為自己的主人和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，
which made them more loyal and more reliable than the freethinking equestrians.
因此比散漫自由的騎士要更為忠誠(chéng)可靠。
The inhabitants of the Greek speaking East also flourished under Roman control
東部講希臘語(yǔ)的居民在羅馬的控制下也發(fā)展壯大，
although the provinces were still governed by Romans and Latin was the official language.
盡管這些行省還是由羅馬人統(tǒng)治拉丁語(yǔ)為官方語(yǔ)言。
The urban Hellenic culture was allowed to continue more or less untouched.
城市里的希臘文化并沒有受到干預(yù) 。
Provided a city paid its taxes and contributed troops it could retain its own system of magistracies and local government under their traditional names.
只要該城市上繳稅務(wù)，提供軍隊(duì)，它就可以保留自己傳統(tǒng)的行政長(zhǎng)官和當(dāng)?shù)卣?/div>
Greeks who did choose to master the Latin language had the chance to earn Roman citizenship
沒有選擇學(xué)習(xí)拉丁語(yǔ)的希臘人也能有機(jī)會(huì)得到羅馬公民身份，
and if they attained citizenship they had the same opportunities political and business as Italian born native speakers of Latin.
如果他們得到了羅馬公民身份，就和出生在意大利母語(yǔ)為拉丁語(yǔ)的人擁有一樣的政治和商業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。
Both the apostle Paul and the pagan biographer Plutarc, Greek speakers both were proud to claim Roman citizenship and grateful for the benefits it conferred.
門徒保羅和異教徒傳記文學(xué)家普魯塔克母語(yǔ)都是希臘語(yǔ)，但兩人都非常自豪能夠取得羅馬公民身份，也非常感激由此得到的益處。
The Romans were also attentive to the infrastructure of the empire
羅馬政府也很注重帝國(guó)的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，
and spent money on improving the roads building aqueducts and whatever other buildings a large city may find necessary.
斥資改善道路情況，建造輸水道以及其它一些大城市所需要的建筑。
The Greek speaking peoples in the lands conquered by Alexander the Great, himself declared a god,
母語(yǔ)為希臘語(yǔ)的人們?yōu)閬啔v山大大帝所征服,亞歷山大大帝自稱為神，
were also comfortable with having a god emperor.
希臘人民對(duì)于擁有一位神帝也沒有異議。
As long as they paid homage to the Princeps they were allowed freedom of worship in all other respects.
只要他們臣服于儲(chǔ)君，就可以得到其它各方面的自由。
Even the Jews were willing to offer prayers for the emperor's genius or the emperor's guardian spirit and as a result were left alone.
甚至是猶太人都愿意為皇帝的英才或者皇帝的守護(hù)神祈禱，因此他們也相安無(wú)事。
The Christians who refused to worship the emperor or any part of the emperor as a god were not usually allowed freedom of worship.
而基督徒拒絕崇拜皇帝或者神靈化的皇帝，因此他們通常得不到宗教信仰的自由。
