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Martin Luther King
馬丁·路德·金
Martin Luther King was born on January 15, 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia. His father was the minister of the Ebenezer Baptist Church, as was his father before him "M.L," as he was called, lived with his parents, his sister and brother in Atlanta, Ga. Their home was not far from the church his father preached and father taught their children what would become an important part of M. L.'s life-to treat all people with respect.
馬丁·路德·金1929年1月15日出生于佐治亞州的亞特蘭大。其父是埃比尼亞澤洗禮堂的牧師，和他父親一樣，他也被叫做“馬丁·路德”，他與父母，兄妹同住在亞特蘭大。他們家離父親布道的教堂不遠，同時父親也教給了馬丁·路德·金人生中重要的信條:尊重所有的人。
Martin’s father worked hard to break down the barriers between the races. His father believed African- Americans should register their complaints by voting. As M.L. grew up he found that not everyone followed his parents’principles. He noticed that "black" people and white people were treated differently. He saw that he and his white friends could not drink from the same water fountains and could not use the same restrooms.
馬丁的父親致力于消除種族隔閡。他相信美國黑人應該通過選舉來表達他們的不滿。當馬丁長大后發現并非每個人都遵從父母的信條。他注意到“黑皮膚的”人和白人所受的對待是不同的。他看到他和他的白人朋友們不能在同一個水壇飲水并且不能共用一個廁所。
When M.L.was ready for college he decided to follow his father and become a minister. While attending the Crozer Theological Seminary in Pennsylvania he became familiar with Mahatma Gandhi, who had struggled to free the people of India from British rule by "peaceful revolution".
當馬丁要上大學時，他決定像他父親一樣當一名牧師。在賓夕法尼亞克隆澤神學院上學時，他知道了圣雄甘地，了解到甘地通過“非暴力革命”的斗爭將印度人民從英國統治中解放出來。
Martin Luther King's involvement with the civil rights movement began with the arrest of Mrs. Rosa Parks, was arrested for not giving a white bus rider her seat, Mrs. Parks was not the first African-American to be arrested for this "crime"，but she was well known in the Montgomery African-American community.
馬丁·路德·金參與民權運動是從1955年12月1日開始的，其原因是羅莎·帕克斯夫人的被捕。帕克斯夫人是由于未給一名白人乘車者讓座而被捕。帕克斯夫人已不是第一個因為這種“罪”而被捕的美國黑人了，而她在蒙哥馬利的美國黑人社區中頗有名氣。
Martin and the other African-American community leaders felt a protest was needed. The African-American residents of the city were asked to boycott the bus company by walking and driving instead. The United States Supreme Court would end the boycott, which lasted 381 days, by declaring that Alabama's state and local laws requiring segregation on buses were illegal. The boycott was a success and Martin had showed that peaceful mass action could bring about change.
馬丁和其他美國黑人社區的領袖們感覺進行抗議勢在必行。他們要求該市的美國黑人居民步行和自己駕車來抵制汽車公司。美國最高法院宣布阿拉巴馬州和地方法令規定的公共汽車上的種族隔離是違法的，從而結束了這次持續了381天的抵制。馬丁通過這次成功的抵制行動表明，非暴力的群眾斗爭能夠改變現狀。
