評論
打印
P & O's high-technology, high-investment strategy,however, is far from being the whole answer to the Third World threat.
東方輪船運輸公司的高技術、高投資戰略遠遠不能完全解除第三世界的威脅。
The developing countries are not out to compete with Western fleets by commercial means; they want to impose a set of rules which will guarantee them a major slice of the shipping trade.
發展中國家并不想通過商業途徑同西方船隊競爭，他們希望強制實行一套相關的法規來保證他們在海運貿易中占有可觀的份額。
This demand has found official expression in the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, UNCTAD.
這一要求已在聯合國貿易和發展會議上正式提出。
The UNCTAD liner code lays down that between two trading partners, 80 per cent of the freight should be split equally between their respective merchant fleets.
根據該組織制訂的海運法規，兩個貿易伙伴之間的貿易貨物的80 9/6應均分給雙方國家的商船隊來運輸。
That leaves only 20 per cent to go into the numerous cross-traders, all fighting for a share, and it is on these cross-trades that British liner companies earn 40 per cent of their revenue.
這樣便只剩下20%的生意給那無數的國際遠洋貨輪去爭搶了，而英國各航運公司總收入的40 9/6要從這些國際貿易中賺取。
Not enough countries have ratified the UNCTAD code yet to bring it into force. But if it does become universal, it could strike a severe blow to Britain's liner trade.
聯合國貿易和發展會議的這一規定目前尚未生效，因為尚無足夠數量的國家對它予以正式承認。可是，一旦這一規定得到各國普遍承認，那對于英國的海運業將是一個沉重打擊。
The Iron Curtain countries represent an even greater and more organised threat to the future of Britain's liner ships, and it is a threat that is much more difficult to counter.
鐵幕后的國家對英國商船的前途構成更大更有組織的威脅，而且也是更難應付的威脅。
Russia has expanded its cargo-liner fleet far faster than the growth in either its own trade or world trade would justify.
俄國航海貨船數量發展的速度之快大大超出了其本國貿易和世界貿易發展的需要。
Today, it has the largest liner fleet in the world and another one million tons should come into service before 1980.
今天，它已經擁有世界上最大的商船隊，而且在1980年以前，還將有百萬噸新的船只投入使用。
And with its policy of excessively low freight rates, the Russian merchant navy has already made major inroads into Western trade.
由于它采取超低運價政策，俄國商船隊已經從西方國家手中搶去了不少的生意。
Russia now carries 95 per cent of its seaborne trade with the EEC in its own ships.
目前，俄國與歐洲經濟共同體之間的海上貿易貨物已有95%是用自己的船只載運的。
More important, it is biting deeply into the major cross-trading routes of the world.
更嚴重的是，它正深深地滲透進世界各主要國際貿易航線。
Eastern bloc countries Russia, with Poland and East Germany-have already captured 20 per cent of the cargo traffic on the busy sea-lanes of the North Atlantic, almost 25 per cent of the trade between Europe and South America and just about the same percentage of the trade between Europe and East Africa.
東歐集團國家--俄國、波蘭和東德--已奪得了北大西洋繁忙的海運航線上貨運生意的20%，歐洲和南美之間的海運生意的將近25%。歐洲和東非之間的貨運生意亦有同樣的比例被他們奪取。
