評(píng)論
打印
That's a whole answer
這就是我們的回答
but it is a theme I want to highlight
但我想強(qiáng)調(diào)的主題是
that these social and emotional influences
社會(huì)和感情方面的影響
are key part of the problem
才是問題產(chǎn)生的關(guān)鍵
It's part of the set of changes in these neuro-systems in puberty
青春期神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)的一系列變化
that are true not just for human but in many species
不僅影響了人類 而且影響了很多其他物種
that there's this bio-behavioral activation
正是生物行為方面的因素
of this tendency to explore, seek novelty
促使人們?nèi)ヌ剿?去尋找新奇事物
sensation seeking
尋找情感寄托
And a very interesting aspect of this we review
我們?cè)凇渡窠?jīng)科學(xué)自然評(píng)論》上
in Nature Review Neuroscience paper
刊登的論文指出
is this increased motivational salience
根本原因就在于
of social status
青少年希望獲得突出社會(huì)地位的動(dòng)機(jī)性行為
Of course kids want to be admired and like a status
孩子們當(dāng)然希望被別人像偶像一樣崇拜
and of course adults at every age of the lifespan do it as well
成年人在任何階段也有這樣的愿望
but the intensity with which salience
但在青春期
having peers admire you increases
希望突出 希望被同伴崇拜的愿望
in relative terms at the onset of puberty
得到了相對(duì)大幅度的提高
It's very interesting to mention
這一點(diǎn)是值得提出的
Now there's a lot of interesting mechanistic questions
很多人提出了很多有趣的問題
about particular hormones
這些問題是關(guān)于發(fā)生機(jī)制的 如激素水平
the intracrines of substance rates
胞內(nèi)分泌物質(zhì)水平
the particular neuro-systems
受某些激素影響的
that are being influenced by some of the hormones
特定神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)
what are social experiences
以及社會(huì)經(jīng)歷等
These are very complex issues
這些都是非常復(fù)雜的問題
and I'm not trying to overly reduce it
我不打算對(duì)它們做過于簡(jiǎn)單的講解
but these are great areas for investigation
但作為這個(gè)問題的一部分
as a part of this
這些領(lǐng)域非常值得我們研究
It's part of a larger set of changes
因?yàn)樗鼈儗儆诤暧^變化的一部分
I use a metaphor of "igniting passion"
我用了一個(gè)詞"點(diǎn)燃的激情"
to capture these emotional and motivational change
來比喻這些感情和動(dòng)機(jī)方面的變化
I like the term "igniting passion"
我使用"點(diǎn)燃的激情"
not only because it captures
不僅因?yàn)檫@個(gè)詞傳遞了
the literal romantic interest and motivation that kicks in puberty
青春期的浪漫情懷和動(dòng)機(jī)
It has only intense motivational changes
而且表達(dá)了青春期孩子們的動(dòng)機(jī)變化
and the emotional intensity that the kids have at puberty
以及情感強(qiáng)度的變化
But it's also capturing another aspect of passion
同時(shí)它也傳遞了另一種激情
and that is this is a key time for motivational learning
也就是這是人們主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期
Kids become passionate about particular kinds of goals
孩子們開始對(duì)很多目標(biāo)充滿了激情
Yes, kids develop hobbies at earliest ages
的確 孩子們?cè)诤苄〉臅r(shí)候就養(yǎng)成了愛好
they develop interests in early ages
他們?cè)谕陼r(shí)期就有了興趣
but they also develop crushes at early ages
但他們也會(huì)在童年時(shí)期半途而廢
but they don't fall in love until puberty
但直到青春期 他們才開始真正愛上什么
And in the same way
同樣的
kids fall in love with different kind of intensity
孩子們的愛好也有強(qiáng)度上的差別
