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Vitamins are compounds required in very small
維生素是一種化合物，人類需要少量的
amounts for essential body functions. One way to
維生素來保持身體機能，劃分維生素
classify the vitamins are as water- or fat-soluble.
種類的一種方式就是將其劃分為水溶性
The water-soluble vitamins are distributed widely in
和脂溶性，水溶性維生素廣泛存在于
the body but not stored; therefore, they are not
身體之中，但并不能被儲存，因此其不可能
likely to be associated with toxic overdose.
因吸收過量而出現中毒的情況
The fat-soluble vitamins have a more complex
脂溶性維生素的分布則更加復雜
distribution and can be retained; hence, they can
并且可以在人體內保存，因此
cause tissue damage if consumed in large amounts.
如果服用過量，會造成組織受損
This presentation will focus on the water-soluble
這種表現主要集中在水溶性維生素
vitamins which are Vitamin C and the B Vitamins.
也就是維生素C和維生素B
Water-soluble vitamins include the B-complex
水溶性維生素包括維生素B群
vitamins and Vitamin C. The B-complex vitamins
和維生素C B群維生素的作用
are often associated with giving a person more energy.
是給人們提供能量
This is due to the fact that these vitamins each play
這是由于每種維生素在人體能量
different roles with energy metabolism in the body.
新陳代謝的過程中都發揮不同的作用
When they are present in the body, they allow
它們在人體內部可以幫助
energy to be used more readily by the body.
人們更有效地吸收能量
Since these vitamins are water-soluble, they are not
由于這些維生素是水溶性的，它們并不會
stored in the body like fat-soluble vitamins.
像脂溶性維生素一樣儲存在身體里
They dissolve in water and are excreted from the body
它們會溶解在水中，并且以尿液的形式
in urine. Therefore, it is important to consume foods
從人體排出，因此食用那些富含水溶性
rich in these foods each day
維生素的食物十分重要
in order to fulfill the body's needs.
它們能保證人體所需的能量
Vitamin B12 is found naturally in foods that are
從動物身上獲取的食物中
produced from animal sources such as fish, meat,
富含維生素B12，比如魚類，肉類
poultry, eggs, and milk. Fortified breakfast cereals
蛋類以及牛奶，強化早餐燕麥也富含
are also an excellent source of this vitamin,
這種維生素，素食主義者尤其應該
especially for vegetarians. Cobalamin, more commonly
多加服用，維生素B12又叫做鈷胺素
referred to as Vitamin B12, is useful for maintaining
它對保持神經細胞和
healthy nerve cells and red blood cells.
血紅細胞的健康具有重要意義
It is also plays an important role in the
同時，它在合成DNA上也有
synthesis of DNA, which is the genetic material
重要作用，而DNA是人體基因載體
of the body. This vitamin. Cobalamin, more commonly
維生素B12又叫做鈷胺素
referred to as Vitamin B12 is useful for maintaining
它對保持神經細胞和
healthy nerve cells and red blood cells.
血紅細胞的健康具有重要意義
It is also plays an important role in the synthesis
同時，它在合成DNA上也有
of DNA, which is the genetic material of the body.
重要作用，而DNA是人體基因載體
This vitamin is also important because it allows
這種維生素的重要性還體現在另一方面
the body to use Folate by converting homocysteine
它能夠使人體通過將高半胱氨酸轉化為
to methionine. Folate is a very important nutrient
蛋氨酸來吸收葉酸，葉酸是一種非常重要的
that will be discussed in detail later.
營養物質，我們稍后會詳細討論
It is recommended that a person consumes 2.4
醫學上建議每人每天攝入2.4毫克
micrograms of Vitamin B12 each day. If a person
維生素B12 如果一個人在食物中
does not have enough Vitamin B12 in their diet,
沒有攝入足夠的維生素B12
they may experience symptoms such as depression,
他們就會產生抑郁，貧血
anemia, weakness or fatigue, and neurological
無力和疲倦等癥狀，同時神經系統
problems that include numbness or tingling in the
也會受到損害，包括手腳麻木和刺痛
hands or feet. If a B12 defiency is not corrected,
如果這種情況沒有得到及時緩解
the neurological damage can be permanent.
那么這種神經上的損害就是永久性的
