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I'm at Sutton Hoo, where in 1939 one of the most important and most exciting archaeological discoveries in Britain was made. It uncovered the tomb of an Anglo-Saxon who had been buried here in the early 600s, and it completely changed the way we thought about what had been called the "Dark Ages"-those centuries that followed the collapse of Roman rule in Britain.I'm with Angus Wainwright, the National Trust archaeologist for the East of England...what can we see of the site now?
我正位于薩頓胡，1939年夏，英國考古史上最激動人心的發現之一出現在距薩?？撕０稊涤⒗锏乃_頓胡。在一座公元七世紀早期的盎格魯—撒克遜墓葬中發現的物品深遠地改變了人們對所謂的“黑暗時代”，也就是羅馬帝國在英國的統治崩潰之后那幾個世紀的看法。國家信托組織的東安格利亞考古學家安格斯韋恩賴特描述了當地的景象：
"Well we're standing amongst a number of large mounds, high up on an exposed ridge looking down towards the River Deben. We're about 100 feet (30 m) up here, and we're standing next to one of the biggest mounds, which we call, excitingly, Mound 1, which is where the great ship grave was discovered in 1939. And we've got about 18 or 20 other mounds around us."
在一道約三十米高的山脊上坐落著幾十個大土丘，俯視著德本河。那些最大的當中有一個被我們激動地稱為土丘一號，1939年我們就是在那兒發現了大型船葬墓地。附近還有18至20個類似的土丘。
It was in this ship grave that the famous Sutton Hoo helmet was found. Surprisingly, there was no body, but in the ship's burial chamber there was an astonishing range of valuable goods drawn from all over Europe: weapons and armour, elaborate gold jewellery, silver vessels for feasting, and many, many coins. Nothing like this from Anglo-Saxon England had ever been found before.
著名的薩頓胡頭盔便出土于這個船葬墓地，發掘工作給人們帶來了一大謎團，墳墓里沒有尸體。但同時出土的還有來自歐洲各地的數目驚人的珍寶：武器、盔甲、精美的黃金首飾以及宴會用的白銀餐具和許多貨幣。之前從未發現過類似的盎格魯-撒克遜時期的文物。
The discovery of this ship burial in the summer of 1939 captured the British public's imagination.
船葬的發現吸引了英國公眾的注意力，
It was hailed as the "British Tutankhamun". But the politics of 1939 lent a disturbing dimension to the discovery: not only did the excavation have to be hurried because of the approaching war, but the burial itself spoke of an earlier, and successful, invasion of England by a Germanic-speaking people.
他們歡欣鼓舞，稱之為“英國的圖坦卡蒙”。但1939年的政治形勢給這一發現帶來了陰影：不僅僅因為戰爭鄰近，挖掘工作不得不加快節奏，同時也因為墓葬本身便是歷史上某個使用日耳曼語的民族成功人侵英國所留下的痕跡。
Here's Angus Wainwright again... what did they actually discover when they excavated in 1939?:
安格斯?韋 恩賴特記錄了他們的發現：
"The first thing they discovered very early on in the excavation were ship rivets-these are the iron rivets that hold together the planks of a ship. They also discovered that the wood that had made up the ship had rotted completely away, but by a rather mysterious process, the shape of the wood was preserved in a kind of crusted blackened sand, so by careful excavation they gradually uncovered the whole ship.
挖掘工作伊始，人們便發現了船只使用的鉚釘，那是用來將船板固定在一起的釘子。同時他們也發現所有的船板都已完全腐爛，但由于一個神秘的過程，船的形狀以一種陳年黑沙的形式被完整地保留了下來。因此，在小心地挖掘之后人們逐漸挖出了整艘船。
