評論
打印
Which Country Is The Most Overworked?
哪個國家的人工作時間最長？
Jeb Bush, a Republican candidate for US president told reporters that Americans need to work longer hours so that the country can be more productive.
來自共和黨的總統候選人杰布·布什近日告訴記者，美國人必須工作更長時間以提高國家的生產力。
This is why they considered it a political gaffe, because most Americans think themselves extremely hardworking.
這被認為是政治上的一派胡言。因為大部分美國人都認為自己十分勤奮。
But compared to other countries, how does America actually stack up?
但與其他國家相比，美國人累計的工作時間究竟算不算長呢？
What country is the most overworked?
哪個國家的工作時間最長呢？
Well, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development calculates average work hours for full timers and part-timers minus holidays.
經濟合作與發展組織計算了除去休假后全職與兼職工作人員工作時間平均值。
Compared to other highly industrialized nations, the United States has one of the longest average workweeks at 34.4 hours per week.
與其他高度工業化國家相比，美國擁有長達34.4的每周工時，是這些國家中最長的之一。
The US puts in fewer hours than countries like Korea Israel and Iceland, but longer hours compared to the United Kingdom and France.
美國的每周工作時間雖比韓國、以色列和冰島要短，但比英國和法國要長。
Japanese workers reported the average 33.3 hours per week, however this figure is skewed because many Japanese workers put in a lot of undocumented overtime.
日本的上班族平均每周工作33.3小時，然而這個數據是有誤導性的。因為日本的上班族有大量的時間花在了下班后的應酬上。
In fact, the Japanese even have the word for working oneself to death-Karoshi.
事實上，日本人甚至發明了過勞死這個詞用以形容工作過度而死。
Official data suggest that every year 200 Japanese citizens died this way.
官方數據顯示日本每年有200人以這種方式結束生命。
Experts point out that Asian countries consistently put in the longest hours worldwide.
專家表示亞洲國家普遍擁有世界范圍內較高的工時。
Chinese workers may average 38 to 42 hours per week and in Bangladesh, the BBC reports that workers regularly labor for 19 hour-long shifts.
中國的職員們平均每周工作38至42小時。根據BBC的報道，孟加拉國的工人經常需要連續工作19小時。
On the opposite side of rankings, many European countries have extremely short work week.
在排名的另一方面，許多歐洲國家的工作周則十分短。
Sweden works about 31 hour weeks, France works about 29 and Germany works the least at just 26.5 hours per week.
瑞典人每周工作約31小時，法國人則是29小時，而德國人最少，每周僅工作26.5小時。
Compared to the US, the UK works about two hours less, and enjoys many more vacation days.
與美國相比，英國人每周要少工作兩小時并且能夠有更多的休假天數。
So, with all the hours worked, is the US more productive than other westernized nations? Well, not necessarily.
那么既然大家工作這么長時間，美國人是不是就比其他西方國家的人更有工作效率呢？這可不一定。
The trade-off between work hours and productivity is still a topic of debate and research.
工作時間與工作效率的權衡關系仍然是討論研究的話題。
According to several studies, increased work hours tend to have an adverse effect on productivity.
根據幾份研究報告顯示，更長的工作時間往往對工作效率起不利影響。
But for manual labor jobs in regions like Latin America and Asia, worker rights tend to be weakly regulated.
然而在拉丁美洲和亞洲地區從事體力勞動的工人，他們的權益往往不能得到很好的管控。
Thus, long hours and unpaid overtime are unfortunately the norm.
因而長時間工作，無薪加班的不幸常有發生。
However, work weeks in general, especially for developed countries have been getting shorter in modern times.
然而，一個工作周的長度尤其是在發達國家，自近現代以來呈現縮短的趨勢。
According to the Economic History Association, around the turn of the 20th century, people used to work 3000 hours per year, compared to about 1800 hours now.
據經濟歷史組織表示，19世紀與20世紀之交的時候，人們大約每年要工作3000小時，而對比現在的這個數值則是1800小時。
Despite Jeb Bush's plans, America will most likely follow the shortening work week trend.
盡管杰布·布什有著那樣的計劃，美國人工作時間變得更短是大勢所趨。
Now do both genders get paid equally for their work?
現在男人與女人在工資問題上能否得到平等的對待？
Find out in a video about the gender pay gap.
請在這個講述性別收入差的視頻中了解更多。
Across both male and female dominated fields, including science, math, healthcare and education. The wage gap persists.
在男女共同主導的領域，包括科學研究、數學、醫療以及教育，收入的差異仍然存在。
The AAUW also found that even women with the same level of education make 82% of what their male counterparts make.
美國大學女性協會同時指出，女性只能獲得同等學歷的男性同事82%的收入。
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