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And they are really complex and they can seem really far off,
這些問題確實相當復雜，又似乎離我們很遙遠，
that the temptation may be to do this:
這就誘使我們這樣做：
bury our heads in the sand and not think about it.
把頭埋進沙子里而不去想這件事。
Resist this, if you can. Don't do this at home.
千萬不要在家里做這個。
But it makes me wonder if the investment rules of today are fit for purpose tomorrow.
但同時我也在想,當前的投資規則是否真的適用于將來。
We know that investors,
我們知道當投資者們
when they look at a company and decide whether to invest,
觀察一家公司并決定是否進行投資時，
they look at financial data,
他們會關注那些財務數據，
metrics like sales growth, cash flow, market share,
例如銷售增長、現金流量、市場份額
valuation-you know, the really sexy stuff.
及資產估值等指標，就是那些很“性感”的東西。
And these things are fundamental, of course,
這些東西當然是最基本的，
but they're not enough.
但還不夠，
Investors should also look at performance metrics
投資者們還應關注另一方面的績效指標，
in what we call ESG:
就是我們稱為ESG的方面：
environment, social and governance.
(E)環境、 (S)社會和(G)管理。
Environment includes energy consumption,
環境包括能源消耗、
water availability, waste and pollution,
水的供應、垃圾和污染，
just making efficient uses of resources.
指的是對資源的有效使用。
Social includes human capital,
社會包括人力資本，
things like employee engagement and innovation capacity,
比如員工的積極性和創新能力，
as well as supply chain management and labor rights and human rights.
以及供應鏈管理，勞動權和人權。
And governance relates to the oversight of companies by their boards and investors.
而管理則代表董事會和投資人對公司的監督。
See, I told you this is the really juicy stuff.
瞧，我說過這是真正有意思的東西。
But ESG is the measure of sustainability, ESG and sustainable investing incorporates ESG factors with financial factors into the investment process.
是用來衡量可持續性的，而可持續性投資應當把ESG因素與金融因素融合到投資過程中去。
