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The educated materials presented here
這里展示的教學材料
were developed by students and faculty
由愛荷華州立大學
of the Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition
食品科學及人類營養(yǎng)學系
at Iowa State University.
的學生和老師完成
Funding for this project was provided by
此項目由
grants from the American Cancer Society
美國癌癥協(xié)會-
Midwest and the Lance Armstrong Foundation.
中西部和蘭斯阿姆斯特朗基金會贊助支持
The materials are intended for educational use
此材料僅作教學使用
and are not meant to provide medical advice.
而非醫(yī)療咨詢
We welcome your feedback about these materials.
我們歡迎你對于這些材料給予反饋
Please use the evaluation survey link on the homepage
請通過主頁上的評估調(diào)查鏈接
to provide your comments and suggestions.
提供你的評價和建議
In this presentation we will outline basic information
這堂課我們將介紹
about the vitamins that are carried in foods with fat,
與食物中的脂肪共存的維生素
the so-called fat soluble vitamins.
即脂溶性維生素
There are four vitamins in this category:
這類維生素有四種
vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K and vitamin A.
維生素D 維生素E 維生素K 維生素A
An easy way to remember them is
一個記住它們的簡單方法是
by using the acronym DEKA
用首字母縮略詞DEKA
Many of you may be asking:
你們中的很多人也許會問
what are fat soluble vitamins?
什么是脂溶性維生素?
Fat soluble vitamins include
脂溶性維生素包括
the vitamins A, K, E and D.
維生素A K E D
And the reason they are called fat soluble is
它們之所以叫脂溶性維生素
because they are associated with fats,
是因為它們與脂肪有關
that are carried with fats when absorbed into the body.
它們被吸收進身體時和脂肪在一起
In certain diseases such as Crones disease
在某些疾病里,如?
or cystic fibrosis dietary fat is not well absorbed
或囊胞性纖維癥,膳食脂肪不能很好的吸收
which can cause the malabsorption of these vitamins.
會導致這些維生素的吸收不良
Fat soluble vitamins are only needed
保持健康只需要
in small amounts to sustain good health.
很少量的脂溶性維生素
Because our bodies store excess fat soluble vitamins
由于在我們的身體里肝臟和脂肪細胞貯存著
in the liver and in fat cells we don't need
過量的脂溶性維生素,我們不必
to consume them everyday to avoid deficiencies.
每天攝入來避免缺失
However because they are retained in the body
但因為它們被貯存在體內(nèi)
there are high risks of toxicity
如果吸收太多某種脂溶性維生素
if too much of a fat soluble vitamin is ingested.
就有很高的中毒危險
For this reason an upper tolerable limit
為此每種脂溶性維生素
has been defined for each fat soluble vitamin.
都有其攝入的上限
The upper tolerable limit is the amount
該上限被認為是
which is considered to be safe
安全的攝入量
and to be without any adverse side effects.
并且不會產(chǎn)生有害的副作用
From these pictures can you guess
在這些圖片里你能猜到
what some important functions of vitamin A are?
維生素A的一些重要功能嗎?
Vitamin A is important for eye function, skin health,
維生素A對于視覺功能,皮膚健康很重要
and may have a role in cancer prevention.
也可能有助于預防癌癥
Vitamin A has many roles in the body.
維生素A在身體內(nèi)發(fā)揮著許多作用
Vision was the first role identified for vitamin A.
首先發(fā)現(xiàn)視覺與維生素A相關
Vitamin A deficiency remains
缺乏維生素A仍是
the most common cause of blindness in the world today.
當今世界上導致失明的最常見原因
In the form of retinol it produces the pigments
它以視黃醇的形式形成了
in the retina of the eye that respond to light.
眼睛視網(wǎng)膜的感光色素
Early signs of vitamin A deficiency include
早期維生素A缺乏的征兆包括
night blindness because of the lack of adequate retinol.
夜盲,這是因為缺少足夠的視黃醇
When treated night blindness is reversible
經(jīng)過治療,夜盲癥可以康復
however if the vitamin A deficiency is not corrected
但如果維生素A缺乏癥沒有得到治療
permanent loss of vision can occur.
可能會造成永久性失明
Vitamin A also has other roles in the body
維生素A在身體內(nèi)還發(fā)揮著其他作用
including promoting teeth and bone development
包括促進牙齒和骨骼生長
and as a regulator of cell division and differentiation.
以及調(diào)整細胞分裂分化
