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The first which was actually a contractual moment and you remember that
第一個時刻實際上是契約性的時刻
Renaissance marriages for people and at a certain level of society
記得我們前面講到過，意大利文藝復興時期的婚姻
involved a lot of transfers of property
對貴族們來說意味著許多財產的轉移
with the dowry of the wife going to the husband's family
新娘家向新郎家贈送嫁妝
and the husband's family committing itself usually to decorating the rooms
同時新郎家作為回贈
and their home that they would share
通常會對新家進行一番裝飾布置
And that moment could involve a contract with a notary
這個時刻通常會在公證人的見證下簽訂契約
in which the husband's father and the bride's husband would clasp hands
新郎的父親和新郎會擊掌
that would be the moment of the contract
代表著契約性的一刻
Of course it still happens today
當然擊掌儀式這一習俗
a hand clasp like that
在今日仍然存在
But it could also be the moment that is called Italian sources "the tokemano"
但是在意大利習俗中這個時刻有所不同
the moment when the bride and the groom clasp hands
這個時刻是指新娘和新郎共同擊掌
and exchange rings
然后交換戒指
And that for them is the ritual moment at which they can be declared married
對他們來說這個儀式一般的時刻代表著他們此時結為夫妻
And there is the fantastic inkwell in the exhibition
在這個展覽中有一個美麗的墨水池
which may have been made for this contractual moment
很可能就是為了這一契約性時刻而造的
which has an inscription on it which says
它上面有一行銘文寫著：
I give you my hand give me the fede (the faith) give me your faith
“予子吾手,換子之誠”即我將我的手交給你，希望你能以誠相待
But because that word was also used for the rings of clasp hands
但是因為“忠誠”這個詞也用于擊掌及交換戒指的儀式
It really probably meant to them
所以可能實際上這句話的意思是
"Here's my hand Give me the ring"
“我的手在這里,給我戴上戒指吧”
On the right this is a deceptive slide
右邊這個幻燈片有點欺騙性
This is a tiny little object It's a belt buckle
因為實際上這是個非常小的藝術品，這是一個帶扣
But it's another one of these images that we follow of
但是這個作品也展示了一副
the couples seen in profile tenderly embracing each other
一對夫妻溫柔地擁抱著對方的畫面
I think this is such a sweet image and it is as I said at the end of a belt
這個畫面實在是太甜蜜了
A belt was a notorious amante's gift
皮帶是一種不能公開贈送的禮物
Boccaccio writes all about them and they could be giving secretly
薄伽丘寫了很多與此有關的詩
and there's a wonderful belt in the exhibition
在此次展覽里有一條很漂亮的皮帶
which there's actually a love poem that's embroiled onto the belt
甚至還有一首情詩寫在上面
Rings of course rings were exchanged in great quantities
文藝復興時期情侶們交換的戒指數不勝數
and we have a selection of some of the earliest surviving Italian wedding rings
我們挑選了其中最早出現在意大利婚禮中的一部分展出
The one on the left has a little diamond a beveled diamond in a gold band
左邊這個有一小塊鉆石鑲嵌在純金的戒指上
And it has an inscription around the edge that says Lorenzo Elena Lena
在戒指邊上寫著“洛倫佐,莉娜,艾琳娜”
Lorenzo to probably Madam Lena or Elena
這可能是洛倫佐獻給莉娜或者艾琳娜女士的
someone who is given the nickname Lena Elena
莉娜或艾琳娜可能是昵稱
The one on the right on the contrary
相比之下右邊這個戒指
And here the two slides are deceptive because in fact the opening
對了我要說明一下，這個幻燈片有點失真
for the fingers are way too large for anyone to actually have worn this
因為實際上這兩個戒指都太大了,因此沒有人能戴上它們
This is really a ceremonial ring
右邊這個戒指是儀式中用到的戒指
This one was made for a Jewish community
它是為了一個猶太會堂而造
We think that actually some gods may have owned these rings and
我們認為某神可能曾經是這些戒指的主人
used them for the marriage ceremony by which we know quite a lot
并將它們用于我們了解到的許多婚禮儀式上
The shape is probably meant to represent the temple itself
這枚戒指的形狀可能代表著廟宇本身
the little architecture shaped at the top which could open up
上面這個小建筑是可以打開的
And then the inside of this one it says in Hebrew letters "muzzle tough"
它的里面用希伯來語寫著”祝你好運”
