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When the sunspots disappeared something on the sun changed
太陽黑子消失時(shí)，太陽表面的變化導(dǎo)致
that cooled the Earth down.
地球溫度降低
But it wasn't that the solar output changed.
改變的并不是太陽的輸出量
No matter how many sunspots there are
不論表面有多少太陽黑子
the sun doesn't get any hotter or brighter.
太陽的熱度和亮度都不會改變
So the spots must have another effect.
所以黑子一定還有別的影響
And to see it we need a different way to look at the sun.
想看清這種影響必須以不同方式來觀察太陽
It's not just heat and light that that the sun
太陽對地球放射的
is throwing at the Earth.
不只是光和熱
As every sunbather knows,there's ultraviolet light too.
熱愛日光浴的人都知道，還有紫外線
Enough UV reaches the surface to burn our skin,
抵達(dá)地球的紫外線量足以灼傷我們的皮膚
but it is only fraction of the sun's UV output.
但這只占了太陽紫外線輸出量的一小部分
The rest is filtered out by the atmosphere.
其他的都被大氣層過濾掉了
It means we don't get a complete picture
這表示在地球無法看清
of the sun from the Earth.
太陽的全貌
To see the sun in all its glory you have to go into space.
想要一窺太陽的真面目必須進(jìn)入太空
From here you can see the changing sun.
在太空才能看清千變?nèi)f化的太陽
In the extreme UV the sunspots burn a brilliant white.
燃燒的太陽黑子在強(qiáng)烈的紫外線中呈白熱狀態(tài)
In the X-ray frequencies they look even more dramatic.
X光頻率下的太陽黑子活動更戲劇化
Huge plumes of superheated gas spout from the spots.
大量的高熱氣體從太陽黑子噴出
When you're seeing the visible
一般用肉眼觀察
you're really seeing the surface of the sun.
只看得到太陽的表面
But when you're seeing the ultraviolet
但是用紫外線或X光觀察時(shí)
or the x-rays you're actually seeing that very hot atmosphere,
看到的是溫度高達(dá)一百萬度的
and that's about a million degrees,
高熱氣體
whereas the surface is about six thousand degrees.
而太陽表面的溫度約為六千度
So you're seeing a different part of the sun
所以我們觀察到的是太陽的不同部位
And you're seeing a part that's constantly changing.
看到的是不斷變化的部位
These phenomenal displays of solar power
1970年代天空實(shí)驗(yàn)室的太空人
were only discovered in the 1970s,by the astronauts on Skylab.
發(fā)現(xiàn)了這種太陽力量的驚人展現(xiàn)
No-one had seen the sun like this before.
從來沒有人看過像這樣的太陽
Since then a number of Space telescopes have been deployed
之后科學(xué)家為了觀察太陽
whose sole purpose is to look at the sun.
部署了好幾架太空望遠(yuǎn)鏡
The most used is Soho
其中使用最頻繁的是簡稱為SOHO的
the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory.
太陽及日光層觀測站
