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第二十四期：主餐一道：泛聽練習
以下段落是摘自新聞里的一些重要信息,并不是一個段落的聽寫。空內信息可在本新聞中全部找到,大家可以根據這些信息復述新聞。
一、泛聽建議：
1、完整聽一遍，掌握大意。
2、繼續聽，特別注意關鍵信息。遇到相似的詞，寫下來。
3、復述新聞。
It's MORNING EDITION from NPR News. I'm Steve Inskeep.And I'm Renee Montagne.Today in Your Health, an American epidemic ofkidney stones.Doctors see a _1_ between that problem and obesity. And we begin with ways to maintain a healthy weight. Some people count calories, carbs and fats. And some researchers think you _2_ the glycemic food index. If you're wondering what's that, listen to NPR's Patti Neighmond. Here's the premise. Not all calories _3_ . Obesity specialist Dr. David Ludwig with Boston Children's Hospital.Simply focusing on the calorie content of food ignores a key notion, which is that foods affect blood sugar and hormones in dramatically different ways based on their composition.
這里是NPR新聞早間節目，我是主持人Steve Inskeep，我是Renee Montagne。今天在Your Health欄目中，我們來談論腎結石，一種美國流行病。醫生已經注意到肥胖和腎結石之間的聯系，讓我們從保持健康體重的方式開始討論。有些人計算卡路里、碳水化合物和脂肪含量。而研究人員認為，你應該關注食物對血糖指標的影響。如果你想了解更多，NPR記者Patti Neighmond為您報道。
來自波士頓兒童醫院的肥胖專科醫生David Ludwig博士：如果僅僅強調食物的卡路里含量，會忽略了一個關鍵的概念，即由于食物成分不同，影響血糖指標與激素水平的方式也會有顯著不同。
For example, some foods _4_ digest, like most fruits, nuts and vegetables. They take their time wending their way through the digestive system. And that means they _5_ energy and calories. Other foods zip through our system rapidly.White bread, white rice, potato products, prepared breakfast cereals are all _6_ sugar in a long chain. And the body can digest these foods into sugar in literally moments after eating.
例如，有些食品消化慢，如大多數水果、 堅果和蔬菜。消化它們所需的時間各不相同.這意味著它們會消耗更多的能量和熱量。而其他食品快速被消化，如面包、米飯，土豆食品，精心準備的早餐谷類食物等都是由長鏈條糖組成，飯后身體可以精確地把食物轉化成糖。
That quick digestion causes a surge of blood sugar and then a _7_. That makes us feel hungry pretty quickly after eating. But with slow foods we feel satisfied longer. Here's Mike Rogers, who took part in a study headed by Dr. Ludwig. Rogers was all excited when part of his diet plan one night included a big pile of mashed potatoes.
快速消化導致了血糖急速升高，然后驟降。這會使我們感到餓的如此之快。但消化慢食物會延長飽腹的感覺。Mike Rogers參加了由路德維格博士領導的一項研究。一天晚上，羅杰斯飲食計劃的一部分是一大盤土豆泥，他非常興奮。
Then I went and looked at the clock, because I was hungry again, figuring that it must be time for me to eat my snack. And I said, that can't be right. When did I - and I realized that it had been almost no time at all since I _8_ this enormous plate of mashed potatoes.The reason Rogers was hungry so quickly is because potatoes, like corn and a few other vegetables, have a high glycemic index. So do most refined and processed foods. They're digested quickly, causing that surge, then crash, of blood sugar. Not only that, Ludwig says, high glycemic foods slow down metabolism.
我去看一下表，因為我又餓了，我覺得一定是到了吃零食的時間了。我說，這不太正確。是什么時候-當我意識到我才吃完一大盤子土豆泥沒過多長時間后。我說，這不太對勁。。餓這么快的原因是因為土豆，如玉米和其他蔬菜，會引起血糖升高。精制加工的食品都是這個樣子。他們消化快，導致血糖快速波動。不僅如此，Ludwig 博士稱，高血糖指數食物也會減慢新陳代謝。
詞匯解析：
1、epidemic adj. 流行的；傳染性的n. 傳染病；流行病；風尚等的流行
eg:A flu epidemic is sweeping through Moscow.
一場流感正席卷莫斯科。
2、kidney stones 腎結石（kidney stone的復數）
3、glycemic adj. 血糖的
eg:Refined Grains: "Refined" products have no fiber and have a high glycemic index.
4、literally. 照字面地；逐字地
eg:We've got to get the economy under control or it will literally eat us up.
我們必須控制住經濟，否則它真地就會把我們困住。
5、metabolism. [生理] 新陳代謝
eg:If you skip breakfast, your metabolism slows down.
你如果不吃早飯，新陳代謝速度會減慢。
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