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The word “bacteria” likely conjures up nasty images in your mind of E. coli, several strains of which are a common cause of food poisoning. You're reminded of the Black Death, a series of bacteria-inspired plagues that swept through 14th century Europe. Where To Find Bacteria? But bacteria are not so isolated from us physically. To be found only in some contaminated foods stuff, like some bad E. coli.
一聽到“細菌”這個詞，便會讓人們聯想到惡心的大腸桿菌的畫面，其中有幾種大腸桿菌常常引起食物中毒。你還會想起14世紀席卷歐洲大陸的黑死病，這也是由于細菌引發的瘟疫。細菌存在于哪里？細菌并不能離開宿主獨立存在。例如一些糟糕的大腸桿菌會寄生在被污染的食物內。
In fact, they can be found almost everywhere on and in the human body—on our skin, in our mouths, guts, kidneys—just to name a few, and they are present in almost unbelievable numbers. On average, a human body has about ten times more bacteria cells living in and on it, than it has human cells.
實際上，在人體表面或者體內都能發現細菌——皮膚上，口腔內，內臟和腎臟內都能找到，數不勝數，而且細菌的數量龐大得令人難以置信。平均來說，寄生在每個人體內的細菌細胞數量比人體細胞多十倍。
So in a very real sense, you're more bacteria than human. Additionally not all bacteria are such bad guys, in fact quite the opposite is true. Your skin, for example, hosts a zoo of friendly bacteria that fight off real micro bad guys, giving you a sort of “invisible armor” against harmful intruders.
因此從本質上講，你比人類更細菌。此外，并不是所有的細菌都有害，事實上卻完全相反。例如你的皮膚上就寄生了各種友好的細菌，它們抵抗真正有害的微生物，為你提供一種“無形的護甲”以抵擋有害入侵。
And you have trillions more bacteria in your intestines helping you digest your food, and keeping your immune system running strong. And further studies have found that some bacteria in the human gut may help adults ward off kidney stones and prevent children from developing asthma.
而且你的腸道內也寄生著上萬億的細菌，幫助你消化食物，維護你的免疫系統正常運行。進一步的研究發現內臟里的一些細菌有助于成年人預防腎結石，防止小孩患上哮喘。
So the next time you hear the word “bacteria”, don't let the few rotten apples spoil your opinion of the whole bunch, for many more of them are your friends than are your enemies.
因此，下次你再聽到“細菌”這個詞時，不要再讓爛蘋果壞了你對細菌的印象，因為友好細菌還是遠多于有害細菌的。
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