評論
打印
For instance, why may not any portion of a new confederacy a year or two hence arbitrarily secede again,
比如說，一個新的聯(lián)盟的任何一部分，在一兩年之后，
precisely as portions of the present Union now claim to secede from it?
為什么就不會像現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)邦中的一些部分堅決要脫離出去一樣，執(zhí)意要從從那個新聯(lián)盟中脫離出去。
All who cherish disunion sentiments are now being educated to the exact temper of doing this.
所有懷著分裂聯(lián)邦思想的人現(xiàn)在都正接受著分裂思想的教育。
Is there such perfect identity of interests among the States to compose a new union as to produce harmony only and prevent renewed secession?
難道要組成一個新聯(lián)邦的州，它們的利益竟會是那樣完全一致，它們只會有和諧，而不會再出現(xiàn)脫離行動嗎?
Plainly the central idea of secession is the essence of anarchy.
非常清楚，脫離的中心思想實質(zhì)就是無政府主義。
A majority held in restraint by constitutional checks and limitations,
一個受著憲法的檢查和限制的約束，
and always changing easily with deliberate changes of popular opinions and sentiments, is the only true sovereign of a free people.
總是隨著大眾意見和情緒的慎重變化而及時改變的多數(shù)派，是自由人民的唯一真正的統(tǒng)治者。
Whoever rejects it does of necessity fly to anarchy or to despotism. Unanimity is impossible.
誰要想排斥他們，便必然走向無政府主義或?qū)Ｖ浦髁x。
The rule of a minority, as a permanent arrangement, is wholly inadmissible;
完全一致是根本不可能的；把少數(shù)派的統(tǒng)治作為一種長期安排是完全不能接受的，
so that, rejecting the majority principle, anarchy or despotism in some form is all that is left.
所以，一旦排斥了多數(shù)原則，剩下的便只有某種形式的無政府主義或某專制主義了。
I do not forget the position assumed by some that constitutional questions are to be decided by the Supreme Court,
我沒有忘記某些人的說法，認為憲法問題應(yīng)該由最高法院來裁決。
nor do I deny that such decisions must be binding in any case upon the parties to a suit as to the object of that suit,
我也不否認這種裁決，在任何情況下，對訴訟各萬，以及訴訟目的，
while they are also entitled to very high respect and consideration in all parallel cases by all other departments of the Government.
完全具有約束力，而且在類似的情況中，—應(yīng)受到政府的一切其它部門高度的尊重和重視。
And while it is obviously possible that such decision may be erroneous in any given case, still the evil effect following it, being limited to that particular case,
盡管非常明顯，這類裁決在某一特定案例中都很可能會是錯誤的,然而，這樣隨之而來的惡果總只限于該特定案件，
still the evil effect following it, being limited to that particular case, with the chance that it may be overruled and never become a precedent for other cases,
同時裁決還有機會被駁回，不致成為以后判案的先例，
can better be borne than could the evils of a different practice.
那這種過失比起其它的過失來當(dāng)然更讓人容易忍受。
At the same time, the candid citizen must confess that if the policy of the Government upon vital questions affecting the whole people is to be irrevocably fixed by decisions of the Supreme Court,
同時，正直的公民必須承認，如果政府在有關(guān)全體人民利害的重大問題的政策，都得由最高法院的裁決，
the instant they are made in ordinary litigation between parties in personal actions the people will have ceased to be their own rulers,
作出決定那一旦對個人之間的一般訴訟作出裁決時，人民便已不再是自己的主人，
having to that extent practically resigned their Government into the hands of that eminent tribunal.
而達到了將他們的政府交給那個高于一切的法庭的地步了。
Nor is there in this view any assault upon the court or the judges.
我這樣說，決無意對法院或法官表示不滿。
It is a duty from which they may not shrink to decide cases properly brought before them,
一件案子按正常程序送到他們面前，對它作出正當(dāng)裁決，是他們的不可推卸的責(zé)任；
and it is no fault of theirs if others seek to turn their decisions to political purposes.
如果別的人硬要把他們的判決用來達到政治目的，那并不是他們的過錯。
One section of our country believes slavery is right and ought to be extended, while the other believes it is wrong and ought not to be extended.
我國有一部分人相信奴隸制是正確的。應(yīng)該擴展，而另一部分人又相信它是錯誤的，不應(yīng)該擴展。
