國際貨幣基金組織有這樣三個主要的目標:
One, the restoration of a multilateral system of payments, based on world wide convertibility of currencies; two, stability of exchange rates; and three, national independence in monetary and fiscal policies.
國基組織的三個主要目標是:在全球范圍貨幣可兌換的基礎上重建多邊付款秩序;穩定匯率;各國自主確定貨幣和財政政策。
我們再聽一遍這段英文。(略)
澳廣金融節目主持人巴里克拉克接下來談了世界貿易組織前身“關稅及貿易總協定”的誕生:
At the time of Bretton Woods, the intention was to create an international trade organisation paralleling the IMF. However, because currency stability and financial reconstruction were considered of greater urgency this did not eventuate.
Indeed, it was not until three years later, in 1947, that the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade - better known by its acronym, the GATT - became the focus for trade negotiations.
As a loose-knit organisation, an agreement between contracting parties, the GATT differed organisationally from the IMF. It worked through what were termed, 'negotiating rounds' at which member countries agreed to tariff reductions.
接下來我們分段聽一遍巴里克拉克的談話和中文翻譯:(英文略)
在舉行布雷頓森林會議時,各國本打算建立一個與國際貨幣基金組織并存的國際貿易組織。但這并沒有成為現實,因為穩定貨幣和重建金融體系被認為是當務之急。
實際上,直到三年后的一九四七年,以它的英文縮寫“GATT”更為知名的“關稅及貿易總協定”才成為貿易談判的焦點。
作為一個松散的組織和一項各簽約國達成的協議,它在組織結構上與國基組織不同。它是通過“談判回合”來工作的。各成員國在談判中就降低關稅達成協議。
我們再完整聽一遍巴里克拉克的這段談話。(英文略)
在這一講的最后,我們再復習一下出現的一些英文詞匯:
1 international monetary system 國際貨幣秩序
2 currency turmoil 貨幣動蕩
3 erecting trade barriers 設立貿易壁壘
4 bilateralism 雙邊主義
5 preference 優先,特惠
6 contagious 可蔓延(傳染)的
7 loose-knit 松散的
8 convertibility of currencies 貨幣的可兌換性
這次由澳洲廣播電臺中文部為您制作的金融世界節目到這里就結束了。