ignominy ignore-ig+nomin-name+y expiry dishonor不名譽(yù),丟臉,恥辱，羞辱

詞匯起源
[Date: 1500-1600; Language: French; Origin: ignominie, from Latin, from ig- (as in ignorare; IGNORE) + nomen 'name, reputation']

Great personal dishonor or humiliation.
Shameful or disgraceful action, conduct, or character.
n. 恥辱；不體面；丑行

ignominious
Marked by shame or disgrace
Deserving disgrace or shame; despicable.
Degrading; debasing
adj. 可恥的；下流的

misnomer mis-, wrong 錯(cuò)誤的
An error in naming a person or place.
Application of a wrong name. A name wrongly or unsuitably applied to a person or an object.
n.誤稱; 使用不當(dāng)?shù)拿Q; 用詞不當(dāng)

nomenclature cla-call把…叫做，稱之為
A system of names used in an art or science: the nomenclature of mineralogy.
The procedure of assigning names to the kinds and groups of organisms listed in a taxonomic classification
n. 命名法；術(shù)語(yǔ)

renown now-know
The quality of being widely honored and acclaimed; fame.
n. 聲譽(yù)；名望

renowned
Having renown; famous
adj. 著名的；有聲望的

例句：
The products of that country’s mechanical industry are renowned for their high quality.
那個(gè)國(guó)家的機(jī)械工業(yè)產(chǎn)品以高質(zhì)量聞名。

詞源小故事

Toast 烤面包

　　toast是從古法語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞toster（烘、烤）來(lái)的，這個(gè)詞又是從拉丁語(yǔ)torrere、tostum（燒、烘、烤）來(lái)的。Toast可作名詞“烤面包”，也可作動(dòng)詞“烘”、“烤”，仍保留了拉丁語(yǔ)和法語(yǔ)的原義。

　　另外，toast一詞還可作“祝酒”“干杯”等解。這種用法來(lái)自于莎士比亞時(shí)代的一種普遍的習(xí)慣。當(dāng)時(shí)人們喜愛(ài)在某種酒里、特別是葡萄酒或啤酒里泡一塊加了香料的或烤焦的面包，因此，直到今天我們?nèi)哉f(shuō)to drink a toast，其字面意思是“喝完一杯泡有烤面包的酒”，后來(lái)轉(zhuǎn)義為“干杯”或“為…舉懷祝酒”，甚至轉(zhuǎn)指“受祝酒的人”、“受到高度敬仰的人”，如the toast of the town（城里最受敬仰的人）。