托福寫作滿分并非一個遙不可及的夢想，但也絕非一蹴而就。要獲得托福寫作的滿分，必須在“量”和“質”這兩方面下功夫。寫作原本是我的弱項，很久以前參加雅思考試的時候，我雖然總成績很高，但卻被寫作拖了后腿。因此在備考托福的時候我格外謹慎，制定了非常周密的計劃，按質按量地完成了這些計劃之后果然取得了不錯的成績，接下來和同學們分享一下我的寫作思路和訓練方法。
　　在托福寫作中，中國學生的主要問題就是思路枯竭，邏輯混亂，缺乏例子與細節，句型單一，詞語使用不恰當等。其實種種問題歸根到底，就是練習的不夠，以及練習的方法不恰當。我在備考的第一個月，每天會花5個小時的時間去寫三篇獨立作文，在構思每一篇作文的過程中，我都會先去網上搜索一些相關的理由和例證，列出提綱，將文章的骨架搭建起來，再通過谷歌去查找描述這些理由和例證的地道英語表達方法，豐富文章的血肉。
　　如果在有條件的情況下，還可以請英語好的朋友或者外國友人進行修改。這樣的過程一開始會非常痛苦，但一旦堅持下去，一兩個月內必然可以取得成效，并且可以拉動英語水平的整體提升。
　　下面我們拿一道教育類的題目來試手，這道題是：
　　Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Teachers should be paid according to how well their students perform.
　　Statement類型分析：這道題屬于claim類型，即題干提出一種觀點或者論斷，來讓考生進行判斷。一般來說，這種斬釘截鐵的論斷，通常都是站不住腳的，要么就是錯誤的，要么就是片面的，所以這道題我們從反對的角度來寫會比較有利。
　　確定了基本方向之后，我們可以繼續分析。首先，以學生的表現來決定老師的薪酬到底有什么不合理的地方?其次，如果不以績效工資的辦法來提高教學質量，還有什么提高教學質量的方法?這樣一下子，思路就打開了，我們會發現可以援引的資料和例證一下子就增加了。
　　接下來進一步分析，僅以學生的表現來決定老師的薪酬，這種做法為什么不正確，又會導致什么不好的后果?在這里，“performance”這個詞非常模糊，我們需要把“表現”進一步地具體化，根據上下文和常識推知，這個表現應當指的是學業成績等，這道題的大背景事實就是國際教育界關于“教師績效工資是否能改善學生成績”的爭論。
　　我們通過搜索雙方的觀點，非常容易就可以發現，反對績效工資的一派認為“績效”的評價標準很難做到公平、客觀，因為學生的表現很難得到客觀的評估，而強調單個教師的績效會減少教師之間的合作，或者使得教學只關注評價標準所認同的部分，而忽略了教學的其他內涵。
　　由此我們可以列出如下表達：
　　第一步來看看怎么對題干更好地進行轉述:
　　Tying teachers’ wages to students’ performance;
　　pay-for-performanceprogramme;
　　allow teachers to receive raises or bonuses based on performance evaluations
　　再來列出缺點：
　　1.the carrot of higher pay does not lead to better results, measures of student performance were still inadequate, that connections to teacher performance were hard to establish;(本質：標準不公平，不客觀)
　　可以舉個例子： standard measures of student learning were not applicable to more than half of the teachers—including gym, art, and music teachers
　　2.lead to an increase in standardized testing, decrease performance in tasks that require creativity and innovation:(結果：導致標準化考試劇增，而減少對創造性的要求)
　　第二部分：如果學生的成績不作為決定教師績效的唯一指標，那么還有什么其它的更好的辦法嗎?我們可以列出如下手段：
　　1. 更好的工作環境(硬件)：work in supportive environments, where they have scope for creativity as well as rigor;
　　在這里可以做一些列舉：Laboratories ,libraries, multi-media equipment
　　2. 更好的同事關系，資源共享(軟件)： colleagues collaborate, rather than compete, with one another; win-win outcome instead of zero-sum games
　　同樣可以舉例：the mutual assistance of old teachers and new teachers, share channels for instructional materials
　　有了這樣的思路，我們就可以開始寫作文了：
　　開頭有至少三種寫法：
　　1.下定義的方法：The idea of “pay for performance,” which involves deciding teacher pay or providing bonuses based on student test scores, is one of the latest educational fads to sweep schools across the world.In my opinion, tying teachers’ wages to students’ performance can cause many problems and there might be better alternatives for improving instructional quality.
　　2.介紹背景的方法：A new round of interest in performance pay has been growing for the past decade, as more schools have introduced mandates related to the push for ever-higher standards. In my opinion, tying teachers’ wages to students’ performance can cause many problems and there might be better alternatives for improving instructional quality.
　　3.反問的方法：Should teachers be paid based on student performance? Will this approach improve instructional quality? Will students really benefit from the pay-for-performance programme? In my opinion, tying teachers’ wages to students’ performance can cause many problems and there might be better alternatives for improving instructional quality.
　　接下來可以寫第一段：
　　(找到claim的關鍵要害，然后一針見血地表明觀點)Although today's performance pay plans take many forms, the most commonly proposed version, in which teachers are rewarded on the basis of their students' standardized test scores, flows from flawed logic and several troublesome assumptions.(第一個缺陷)The first assumption is that the carrot of higher pay can lead to better results, but this is not the case. (說理由)Additional pay will not necessarily motivate teachers to work harder, most teachers care about their students and want them to succeed. Why else enter the profession? But although presenting information may be simple, successful teaching is more complex. In this regard,measures of student performance were still inadequate, and itsconnections to teacher performance were hard to establish.(舉例子)For example, standard measures of student learning were not applicable to more than half of the teachers—including gym, art, and music teachers.(第二個缺陷)What’s more, implementing test-based evaluation systems brings potentially damaging consequences, leading to an increase in standardized testing while decreasing performance in tasks that require creativity and innovation.(說理由)By tying teacher pay to student test performance, the anxiety that currently surrounds test-taking will be intensified, so as the pressure for teachers to focus teaching on the narrow set of skills and content that these tests cover.
　　接下來順利過渡到第二段：
　　(主題句一定要簡潔，有力)However, there are better ways to improve teacher effectiveness.(第一種方法)The first approach is to create an enabling instead of disabling environment for instruction, that is to say, the school facilities should be greatly improved. Only by working in supportive environments, can teachers have scope for creativity as well as rigor. The school facility is much more than a passive container of the educational process: it is, rather, an integral component of the conditions of learning. (列舉圖書館，實驗室，多媒體的例子)For instance, a good librarywill not only provide a quite environment for students to concentrate on their studies, but also allow them to have access to abundant academic resources, which are all essential to improving students’ performance; a well-equipped laboratory also plays a significant role in enhancing teacher effectiveness, for students will truly understand some scientific principles if they have chances to apply them. The same goes for multi-media equipment and exercising facilities. (第二種方法) The second approach is to create better information-sharing channels and provide strong mentors for new teachers.(從反面推理)If performance pay pits teachers against one another, more teachers may feel reluctant to share their experience and expertise with others, thus creating an environment characterized by blind competition, making more teachers to look for other lines of work. (從正面引導)To prevent this potential damaging consequence from taking place, colleagues should collaborate, rather than compete, with one another. Whileseasoned teachers can provide guidance for new teachers to improve their pedagogics, the newbies is also able to bring new insights and diversified materials into the conventional teaching practice, by avoiding a zero-sum game, we’re more likely to reap a win-win outcome.