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將 red rain 在 indian Karele（好像是這么拼）
READING
文章寫有三個 theories，
第 1 個是 comet theory，說有人說聽到巨響，所以有可能是這樣，那些紅雨其實是隕石碎
片
第 2 個可能說是紅色的沙子，從 north Africa / Acadia（拼的似乎不對）吹來的
第 3 個可能是 chilen（拼的不對，應該是苔蘚植物的一種）spores，因為這種 spores 在 karele
附近都是紅色的，而且有很大產量，所有非常非常有可能是因為這個原因。
LISTENING
教授反駁了三個觀點，原因如下：
1、過去 100 年里一共下了 3 次紅雨，3 次隕石在同一個地方是 very rate.
2、the red dust from deserts are contained a lot of chemical elements, such as Iron and
phosphorus,但是那種雨里這些化學物質的含量是 very small of amount
所有也不可能
3、那種 spores 也不太可能，講了他們的 LIFE CIRCLE 說如果他們同時進入 reproductive
phase 才能釋放 spores，所以同時進入這個 Phase 的幾率也基本等于 0。
In the lecture, the professor makes several points about causes of red rain. The professor
argues that comet explosion, red dust and lichen releasing spores cannot be associated
with red rain. However, the reading passage holds the totally disparate points in these
three aspects.
The first point the professor makes that casts doubt on the reading is his point about
improbability of comet explosion. The professor shows that Kerala where red rain
happened three times during last ten decades couldn't be the place where comet
exploded three times coincidently. This casts doubt on the reading because it appears
that red rain results from a deluge of substances in red after comet explosion. It is said
that residents in Kerala haven't seen the red rain until they heard a loud sound that may
be associated with comet explosion.
Secondly, the professor also claims that there is the difference concerning composition
between red dust and red rain. As he states, red dust contains many metallic elements
like Fe. Red rain, contrary to red dust, hardly contains those. So there is connection
between red dust and red rain. But this makes the explanation in the reading seem less
likely; red dust coming from desert area contributes to red rain.
Lastly, the professor rebuts the reading argument by pointing out the inadequacy that that
lichen releases spores causes red rain, and by undermining the assumption that lichen
own their life circle. And a lot of spores should be released at the same time in red rain,
while each lichen possesses unique reproductive phase that means they cannot release
many spores concurrently. However, the reading illustrates that the most likely reason of
red rain is lichen releasing spores, especially red spores. And Kerala is the place where
grows abundant lichen.
adj. 獨一無二的，獨特的，稀罕的
