評論
打印
SECTION A MINI-LECTURE
In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.
Observing Behaviour
People do observation in daily life context for safety or for proper behaviour. However, there are differences in daily-life observation and research observation.
A. Differences
---- daily life observation
-casual
-(1) ________
-dependence on memory
---- research observation
- (2) _________
- careful record keeping
B. Ways to select samples in research
---- time sampling
- systematic: e.g. fixed intervals every hour
- random: fixed intervals but (3) _______
Systematic sampling and random sampling are often used in combination.
---- (4) _______
- definition: selection of different locations
- reason: humans’ or animals’ behaviour (5) ______ across
circumstances
- (6) ______: more objective observations
C. Ways to record behaviour (7) _______
---- observation with intervention
- participant observation: researcher as observer and participant
- field experiment: research (8) ______ over conditions
---- observation without intervention
-purpose: describing behaviour (9) ______
- (10) ______ : no intervention
- researcher: a passive recorder
