點(diǎn)津:
詞根fect=make,do。
affect的前綴-a表示“向上”,而effect的前綴-e表示“出來(lái)”。因此, affect側(cè)重表示原因,即“影響”的動(dòng)作; 而effect側(cè)重表示結(jié)果,即“造成”一種特殊效果。試比較:
My opinion was affected by the recent development of events.
我的看法受到了事態(tài)發(fā)展的影響。
The recent development of events effected a change in my opinion.
最近事態(tài)的發(fā)展使我的看法起了變化。
Affect:影響
The tax increases have affected us all.
加稅已經(jīng)影響了我們所有的人。
Defect:缺點(diǎn),過(guò)失,瑕疵。
visual defects; this device permits detection of defects in the lungs.
對(duì)生理上有缺陷的人不能歧視。
Effect:效果、影響
When does the new law come into effect?
新法律何時(shí)生效?
Infect:感染、影響
Mary's high spirits infected all the girls in the class.
瑪麗的興致感染了全班的女孩。
答案:affect, defect, effect, Infected
Other cyclic variations in the relationships between Sun, Moon and Earth also affect tidal range.
太陽(yáng),月球和地球之間的其它周期的變化也對(duì)潮汐大小產(chǎn)生影響。
He was a vain fellow, and not conscious of this nor any defect.
他是個(gè)自高自大的家伙,但他自己沒(méi)有意識(shí)到這點(diǎn),也沒(méi)有感覺(jué)到自己有何缺點(diǎn)。
He paused for effect.
為了加重語(yǔ)氣,他稍停了一下。
Go away, I don't want to infect you with my cold.
走開(kāi),我可不想把我的感冒傳染給你。