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PART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]
SECTION A [25 min]
In this part here are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the correct answer., Mark you choice on your answer sheet.
TEXT A
In the town of Peppard, a computer helps firemen. The computer contains information about every one of the 15 000 street addresses in the town. When firemen answer a call, the computer files them important information about the burning building. The computer can give the location of the building and its size, type, and contents. In fact, the compute system has many different ways of helping fire fighters with their problems. For example, it can give medical information about sick people living in a burning building. With this information, the firemen can take special care to find these sick persons and remove them quickly and safely from the burning building.
The speed at which the computer works is amazing. Within two or three seconds after a call is received, the computer provides necessary information for the fireman. The information is then sent tot them by radio from the computer center in Town Hall.
The computer system also contains a medical record of each of the town's 110 firemen. This kind of information is especially useful when a fire fighter is injured. With this medical information, doctors at the hospital can treat the injured fireman more quickly and easily.
The firemen themselves are grateful for the computer's help. The computer tells them about possible dangers ahead of them and helps them prepare for these dangers. Many times the computer information helps to save lives and property. Sometimes the lives are those of firemen themselves.
66. The computer helps fireman in the following ways EXCEPT _____
A. locating the building on fire.
B. giving information on address.
C. locating fireman's problems.
D. providing medical care.
67. The speed of the computer is amazing because _____
A. it can provide information very quickly.
B. it can provide necessary information.
C. the information is sent to firemen by radio.
D. the computer center is situated in Town Hall.
68. Why does the computer contain medical records of firemen?
A. They predict possible dangers fro firemen.
B. they help doctors in treating injured firemen.
C. They can save property and people's lives.
D. They provide important information about injuries.
69. The main idea of the passage is about _____
A. firemen and firefighting.
B. necessary medical information.
C. the usefulness of the computer.
D. the quick speed of the computer.
TEXT B
Large companies need way to reach the savings of the public. The same problem, on a smaller scale, faces practically every company trying to develop new products and create new jobs. There can be little prospect of raising the money needed from friends and people we know, and while banks may agree to provide short-term loans, they are generally unwilling to provide money on a permanent basis for long term projects. So companies turn to the public, inviting people to lend them money, or take a share in the business in exchange for a share in future profits. They do this by issuing stocks and shares through the stock exchange. By doing so they can put into use the savings of individuals and institutions.
When the savers want to have his money back, he does not have to got to the company which has borrowed his money. Instead, he sells his shares through a stockbroker to some other saver who is seeking to invest his money.
Many of the services needed both by industry, and by each of us are provided by the Government. Without hospital, roads, electricity, telephone, railways, etc., the country could not function. All these require continuous spending on new equipment if they are to server us properly, requiring more money than is raised through taxes alone. the Government and industries there for frequently need to borrow money to finance major capital spending, and they, too, go to the stock exchange.
There is hardly a man or woman in the country whose job or whose standard of living dos not depend on the ability of his or her employer to raise money to finance new development. In one way or another new money must come from the savings of the country. The stock exchange exists to provide a channel through which these savings can reach those who need money.
70. Companies must ____ for money for long-term development.
A. go to banks
B. ask other organizations
C. turn to the public
D. go to acquaintances
71. The stock exchange manages _____
A. company business.
B. company shares.
C. company projects.
D. company profits.
72. Which of the following statements is NOT correct?
A. The authorities provide many necessary services.
B. Hospital, railways etc. are essential to a country.
C. The Government need to borrow from the stock exchange.
D. Taxes can raise all the money needed for improvement.
73. The main idea of the passage is about _____
A. functions of the stock exchange.
B. company financial needs.
C. roles of the stockbroker.
D. essential public services.
TEXT C
It is generally agreed that the first true cities appeared about 5 000 years ago in the food-producing communities of the Middle East. The cities of Sumeria, Egypt and the Indus Valley possessed a number of characteristics which distinguished them a truly urban. The cities were very much larger and more densely populated than any previous settlement, and their function was clearly differentiated from that of the surrounding villages. In the cities the old patterns of kinship relations were replaced by a complex hierarchy of social classes based on the specialization of labor. Moreover, the need to keep records led to the development of writing and arithmetic, and the increased sophistication of urban society gave a new impetus to artistic expression of every kind.
When the basis of city life was established in Europe the urban tradition was drawn from the ancient cities of the Middle East, via the civilizations of Greece and Rome, we can trace three main phases in the growth of the West European city. The first of these is the medieval phase, which extends from the beginning of the 11th century A. D to about 1 500. The second is the renaissance and Baroque phase. Which can be traced from about 1 500 to the beginning of the 19th century. The third is the modern phase, extending from the early 19th century to the present day.
Every medieval city began as a small settlement which grew up round a geographical or cultural focal point. This would often be a permanent structure such as a stronghold, a cathedral or a large church. In districts where travel and trade were well established, it might be a market, a river crossing, or a place where two or more trade routes met. In studies of urban geography other oldest part of a town is referred to as the nuclear settlement. There are many small towns in Europe where it is still possible to trace the outline of the original nuclear settlement. It is, of course, much more difficult to do this in the case if a large modern city which has grown to may times its original size.
74. The ancient cities were characterized by all the following EXCEPT _____
A. larger populations.
B. different locations.
C. different roles.
D. different social classes.
75. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?
A. West European cities established their own urban tradition.
B. West European cities grew directly out of those in the Middle East.
C. Cities appeared earlier in the Middle East than in Greece and Rome.
D. West European and Middle East cities went through the same phases.
76. Which of the following could be regarded as a geographical focal point?
A. A town hall.
B. A vegetable garden.
C. A local cafeteria.
D. An open market.
TEXT D
In recent years, there has been an increasing awareness of the inadequacies of the judicial system in the U.S. Costs are going up rapidly both for the taxpayers and the litigants and the litigants, or parties in a lawsuit, have to wait sometimes many years before having their day in court. Many suggestions have been put forward concerning methods of improving the situating, but as in most branches of the Government, changes come slowly.
One suggestion that has been made in order to maximize the efficiency of the system is to allow districts that have too many waiting cases tomorrow judges from other districts. Another suggestion is to use pretrial conferences in which the judge meets with the litigants and their lawyers in order to narrow the issues, limit the witnesses, and provide for a more orderly trial. The theory behind pretrial conferences is that judges will spend less time on each case and parties will more readily settle before trial when they realize the adequacy of their claims and their opponents' evidence.
Many states have now established another method, small-claims courts. The proceedings cost the litigants almost nothing. In California, for example, the parties must appear before the judge without the assistance of lawyers. The proceedings are quite informal and there is no peaking--the litigants need to make only a one-sentence statement of their claim By doing so, the plaintiff gives up any right to a jury trial and the right to appeal the decision.
77. The judicial system is considered inadequate because of _____
A. high costs and long delays.
B. high taxes and long delays.
C. slow changes and high taxes.
D. high costs and high taxes.
78. The pre-trial conference is supposed to _____
A. reduce court evidence.
B. increase court costs.
C. raise court efficiency.
D. cut the number of litigants.
79. In small-claims courts the litigants _____
A. state their claims in detail.
B. appear without legal advisors.
C. can later go to a jury trial.
D. have to pay high court costs.
80. The main topic of the passage is about _____
A. suggestions on how to make legal claims.
B. ways to produce court evidence.
C. ways to deal with the judge in court.
D. methods to improve court efficiency.
