英語語法講解:情態(tài)動詞(第十講)

一、needn’t+have+v-ed
“needn’t+have+v-ed”表示過去做了某事,但沒有做的必要,即表達“本沒必要….”之意。
例:You needn’t have done the washing up. I would have done it for you.
你本可不必洗那些餐具,我會替你洗的。
例:I needn’t have bought al that wine-only three people came.
其實我沒有必要買這么多酒,因為只來了三個人。
二、情態(tài)動詞+動詞進行式
“情態(tài)動詞+動詞進行式”即“情態(tài)動詞+be+v-ing”,表示推測或評論某動作是否正在進行。
例:He might still be playing basketball in the room.
他可能還在房子里打籃球。
三、情態(tài)動詞+動詞完成進行式
“情態(tài)動詞+動詞完成進行時”即“情態(tài)動詞+have been+v-ing”,表示推測或評論過去某動作是否正在進行或一直在進行。
例:They may have been discussing the problem this morning.
今天上午他們可能一直在討論這個問題。
經(jīng)典練習:
1、I _____to him because he phoned me shortly afterwards.
A)ought to have written
B)must have written
C)couldn’t have written
D)needn’t have written
2、You_____all those calculations! We have a computer to do that sort of thing.
A)needn’t have done
B)must not have done
C)shouldn’t have done
D)can not have done
3、This is one of the rarest questions that_____at such a meeting.
A)has ever been raised
B)are raised
C)have ever been raised
D)is raised
4、I will overlook ____so rude to my sister this time.But don’t let if happen again.
A)you to be
B)you to have been
C)your being
D)your having been
解析:
1、答案選D。本題because從句表達的意思是:因為他之后不久給我打電話了。那么主句所表達的意思為:我本不必給他寫信的。 D項意為“本不必給他寫信”,其它三項均不符合題意。
2、答案選A。needn’t have done表示“本來不必要做,但實際上做了”的含義。符合題意。Must not 的意思是“不應、不可以”,后面一般不接完成式。其它幾項也不符合題意。
3、答案選C。that引導的定語從句修飾questions,定語從句中的謂語動詞需用復數(shù);在結構“this(that/it )is +形容詞最高級+名詞+定語從句”中, 從句謂語通常用完成時態(tài)。所以C為正解選項。
4、答案選D。動詞overlook在此意為“寬容”,要求以動名詞做賓語,可首先排除A、B兩項;時間狀語this time 表示動名詞動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生,而且發(fā)生在謂語動作之前,所以須用動名詞完成式,所以D項為正解選項。
