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Why did pirates wear eye patches?
為什么海盜要戴眼罩？真不是因為少了只眼睛！
People may assume pirates wore eye patches just to look totally badass. But the eyewear most likely had nothing to do with a missing eye, and everything to do with being able to see—specifically, above decks and below them.
人們可能以為海盜戴眼罩只是為了看上去更像壞蛋。但是大多數海盜戴眼罩不是因為少了一只眼睛，而是為了讓眼睛看得更清楚，確切地說，是在甲板上和船艙中都能看清。
Jim Sheedy, a doctor of vision science and director of the Vision Performance Institute at Oregon’s Pacific University, told the Wall Street Journal that while the eyes adapt quickly when going from darkness to light, studies have shown that it can take up to 25 minutes for them to adapt when going from bright light to darkness.
美國俄勒岡州太平洋大學視力表現研究所主任、視覺科學醫師吉姆·希迪告訴《華爾街日報》，從黑暗環境走入光亮環境中，眼睛會快速適應，但是研究顯示，明暗切換時眼睛的適應時間最長可達25分鐘。
Pirates frequently had to move above and below decks on their ships, from daylight to near darkness, and Sheedy says the smart ones “wore a patch over one eye to keep it dark-adapted outside.” When the pirate went below decks, he could switch the patch to the outdoor eye and see in the darkness easily (potentially to fight while boarding and plundering another vessel).
從早到晚，海盜需要頻繁地在輪船甲板上下穿梭，希迪指出，聰明的海盜會“在一只眼睛上蒙上眼罩，讓其適應黑暗”。當海盜進入甲板時，他會將眼罩移到剛才在甲板上用來看東西的那只眼睛上，從而可以很容易地看清黑暗環境中的東西。（這意味著海盜在登上另一艘船只搶劫時可以隨時進入戰斗狀態。）
Though there are no first-person sources from history that state this as fact, there’s no question that keeping one eye dark-adapted works. MythBusters tested this hypothesis in their pirate special in 2007 and determined that it was plausible.
盡管關于這個說法在歷史上沒有直接佐證，但是蒙上一只眼無疑是有效的?！读餮越K結者》曾經在2007年的海盜特別節目中測試了這一猜想，并確定這是可行的。
Even the FAA recommends that “a pilot should close one eye when using a light to preserve some degree of night vision.”
就連美國聯邦航空管理局也建議，“在開燈時，飛行員應該閉上一只眼來保持一定程度的夜視力”。
英文來源：Mental Floss
翻譯&編輯：丹妮
審稿：董靜、高琳琳
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