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New research suggests that french fries may be linked to depression
愛吃炸薯條可能更易患上抑郁癥
French fries are comfort food for many. But reaching for fried foods may have a negative impact on mental health.
炸薯條是很多人喜愛的爽心美食，然而吃油炸食品卻可能給心理健康帶來不利影響。
A research team in Hangzhou, China, found that frequent consumption of fried foods, especially fried potatoes, was linked with a 12% higher risk of anxiety and 7% higher risk of depression than in people who didn't eat fried foods.
杭州的一個研究團隊發現，常吃油炸食品尤其是炸薯條的人，相比不吃油炸食品的人，患焦慮癥和抑郁癥的可能性分別高出12%和7%。
Fried foods are known risk factors for obesity, high blood pressure and other health effects. These results “open an avenue in the significance of reducing fried food consumption for mental health,” according to the paper published Monday in the journal PNAS.
眾所周知，油炸食品是引發肥胖癥、高血壓和其他健康問題的風險因素。4月24日發表在《美國科學院院報》上的這份報告指出，研究結果“指出了少吃油炸食品對于心理健康的重要性”。
However, experts who study nutrition said the results are preliminary, and it's not necessarily clear whether the fried foods were driving mental health issues, or people experiencing symptoms of depression or anxiety turned to fried foods.
然而，營養學專家表示，這些只是初步研究結果,到底是油炸食品引發心理健康問題，還是有抑郁和焦慮癥狀的人愛吃油炸食品，尚未可知。
The study evaluated 140,728 people over 11.3 years. After excluding participants diagnosed with depression within the first two years, a total of 8,294 cases of anxiety and 12,735 cases of depression were found in those that consumed fried food, while specifically fried potatoes were found to have a 2% increase in risk of depression over fried white meat.
這項研究在11.3年時間內對140728人進行了評估。在頭兩年排除掉參與研究的抑郁癥確診患者后，研究發現愛吃油炸食品的人當中有8294例患有焦慮癥，12735例患有抑郁癥。愛吃炸薯條的人相比愛吃炸白肉的人患抑郁癥的風險要高出2%。
The study had also found that the participants consuming more than one serving of fried food regularly were more likely to be younger men.
研究還發現，年輕男性更可能會定期攝入一份以上的油炸食品。
Unhealthy food and poor nutrition can lower one’s mood and progress a mental health condition, as found in a prior study cited within this new one.
這項新研究援引先前的一項研究結果稱，不健康的飲食和營養不良會讓人情緒低落，加重心理疾病。
In the new study, the researchers suggest that acrylamide, a chemical formed during the frying process, especially in fried potatoes, is to blame for the higher risk of anxiety and depression.
研究人員在新研究中指出，油炸過程中尤其在炸薯條時產生的化學物質丙烯酰胺是焦慮和抑郁風險增加的元兇。
In a separate paper referenced in the new study, the researchers exposed zebrafish to the chemical, finding that long-term exposure had caused the fish to dwell in dark zones within the tank, a common sign of a higher anxiety level in the fish.
在報告提到的另一項研究中，研究人員將斑馬魚暴露在這種化學物質當中，結果發現，長時間接觸丙烯酰胺會導致斑馬魚徘徊在魚缸中的陰暗區域，這通常意味著魚變得更焦慮了。
The zebrafish had also displayed a reduced ability to explore their tanks and socialize, as they did not swim closely with other zebrafish, even though zebrafish are known to form schools with their species.
與此同時，斑馬魚不愿意在魚缸中到處游了，社交能力也下降了，不愛和其他斑馬魚同游了，盡管我們知道斑馬魚是很喜歡與同類成群結隊的。
“The health effects of fried food will depend greatly on what food is fried and what type of fat is used for frying,” said Willett, professor of epidemiology and nutrition at Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, via email. “Potatoes are a concern for possible effects of mood because they can cause large surges in blood sugar and then hormonal responses to these surges. However, these surges are partly blunted by fat, which would be provided by the fat from frying.”
哈佛大學陳曾熙公共衛生學院的流行病學和營養學教授威利特在電子郵件中說道：“油炸食品對健康的影響取決于油炸的是什么食物以及油炸用的是哪種脂肪。土豆可能會影響情緒，因為土豆會引起血糖飆升，并引發內分泌反應。不過，油炸中所用的脂肪也會引起血糖飆升，從而部分掩蓋了土豆的作用。”
Willett also noted that acrylamide isn’t only produced by frying. It’s in coffee, because of the roasting of the beans, and in toast, because “heating carbohydrates together with protein can do this.”
威利特還指出，不是只有油炸才會產生丙烯酰胺。咖啡中也含有丙烯酰胺，因為咖啡豆的焙炒也會產生這種化學物質，因為“碳水化合物和蛋白質一起加熱就會產生（丙烯酰胺）”。
Zhejiang University researcher Yu Zhang, an author of the study, said in an email that “there is no need to panic about the adverse effects of fried food.” But maintaining a healthy lifestyle and reducing consumption of fried foods may be helpful for mental health in addition to overall health.
該研究的作者之一、浙江大學研究人員張宇（音譯）在一封電子郵件中說“沒必要對油炸食品的有害影響感到恐慌”。但是保持健康的生活方式、少吃油炸食品可能有助于心理健康和整體健康。
The researchers had pointed to a recent rise in depression and anxiety worldwide, with 2020 seeing an increase of 27.6% and 25.6%, respectively. The World Health Organization also estimates that more than 5% of adults suffer from depression, globally, as noted in the paper.
研究人員指出近年來世界范圍內的抑郁癥和焦慮癥病例有所增加，2020年抑郁癥和焦慮癥病例分別增加了27.6%和25.6%。研究還指出，據世界衛生組織估計，全世界每年有5%的成年人患有抑郁癥。
英文來源：美國有線電視新聞網
翻譯&編輯：丹妮
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