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Moving with a partner to the musical beat may make people more cooperative — even babies as young as 14 months.
隨著音樂節(jié)拍和一位同伴一起手舞足蹈能讓人更具合作精神——甚至連14個(gè)月大的嬰兒也是如此。
Researchers worked with 48 toddlers, each held by an assistant and gently bounced for about two minutes to the rhythm of the Beatles’ version of “Twist and Shout.” They faced an experimenter who bounced in the same rhythm or off the beat.
研究者們對48個(gè)初學(xué)走路的嬰兒進(jìn)行研究，每個(gè)嬰兒由一位輔導(dǎo)員拉著，隨著披頭士樂隊(duì)(Beatles)演唱的《搖擺和吶喊》(Twist and Shout)的節(jié)奏輕輕跳大約兩分鐘。他們面前的實(shí)驗(yàn)者以同樣的節(jié)奏或者不按節(jié)奏跳躍。
Then the scientists tested whether the babies would help out when an experimenter “accidentally” dropped an object, or tried to pick up an object just out of hand’s reach. The study was published online in Developmental Science.
然后科學(xué)家們測驗(yàn)當(dāng)實(shí)驗(yàn)者“不小心”掉了一個(gè)物品或者想撿起一個(gè)無法伸手就夠到的物品時(shí)，這些嬰兒是否會(huì)幫忙。這項(xiàng)研究公布在《發(fā)育科學(xué)》(Developmental Science)期刊的在線版本上。
After controlling for other behaviors, such as smiling or approaching the experimenter, they found that babies who were bounced in a synchronous rhythm were slightly but significantly more likely to help than those who were bounced off beat. Although the effect was moderate, the authors say, it was still impressive given the quite short duration of the interaction.
對諸如微笑或者接近實(shí)驗(yàn)者等其他行為加以考慮后，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)跟著節(jié)拍跳躍的嬰兒們比不按節(jié)拍跳躍的嬰兒更愿意去幫助，雖然只是稍微而已，但是很明顯。作者們說，雖然影響有限，但仍令人印象深刻，畢竟互動(dòng)的時(shí)間很短。
“We tend to think that music is a frill that doesn’t matter,” said the lead author, Laurel J. Trainor, a professor of psychology at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario. “But in fact, these social binds that we form early in development affect everything that happens later, including our ability to learn and how we view others and ourselves.”
“我們通常認(rèn)為音樂無關(guān)緊要，”主要作者勞蕾爾·J·特雷納(Laurel J. Trainor)說。她是安大略省漢密爾頓市麥克馬斯特大學(xué)的心理學(xué)教授。“但是實(shí)際上，在發(fā)育初期形成的這些社會(huì)聯(lián)系影響到后來發(fā)生的所有事情，包括學(xué)習(xí)能力以及如何看待他人和自己。”
