在中國(guó)電商巨頭阿里巴巴集團(tuán)(Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.)向美國(guó)證券交易委員會(huì)(Securities and Exchange Commission)提交首次公開(kāi)募股(IPO)相關(guān)文件之時(shí),投資者總算可以一窺這家快速增長(zhǎng)、規(guī)模龐大的公司的內(nèi)情。阿里巴巴IPO預(yù)計(jì)將會(huì)是歷史上規(guī)模最大的IPO交易之一。
盡管阿里巴巴并不為多數(shù)美國(guó)人所熟知,但作為中國(guó)這個(gè)世界第二大經(jīng)濟(jì)體的電子商務(wù)龍頭,阿里巴巴肯定會(huì)受到投資經(jīng)理人的密切審視。
As investors try to figure out how much Alibaba stock will be worth, the major question is how fast Alibaba will grow in coming years. Right now, little is known about the details of the company's businesses, aside from some basic details made public thanks to Yahoo Inc., a long-time investor in Alibaba.
投資者在預(yù)估阿里巴巴股價(jià)時(shí)的一個(gè)重要問(wèn)題是,阿里巴巴未來(lái)幾年的增長(zhǎng)速度會(huì)有多快。眼下除了阿里巴巴長(zhǎng)期股東雅虎公司(Yahoo Inc.)公布的一些基本細(xì)節(jié)外,人們對(duì)該公司業(yè)務(wù)知之甚少。
Alibaba's IPO prospectus will hint at some answers.
阿里巴巴的招股說(shuō)明書或?qū)⒔獯鹨恍┮苫蟆?/div>
1 WHAT'S GOING PUBLIC?
Alibaba operates dozens of businesses-sharing traits with the likes of eBay Inc., Amazon.com Inc. and Google Inc. The sprawl has led to some confusion among U.S. investors, said Victor Anthony, an Internet media analyst at Topeka Capital Markets. 'Investors are uncertain exactly what assets will be included as part of the IPO,' he said.
與eBay Inc.、亞馬遜(Amazon.com)和谷歌公司(Google Inc.)一樣,阿里巴巴經(jīng)營(yíng)著數(shù)十種業(yè)務(wù)。Topeka Capital Markets互聯(lián)網(wǎng)媒體分析師安東尼(Victor Anthony)稱,阿里巴巴種類繁多的業(yè)務(wù)令美國(guó)投資者感到困惑。他說(shuō),投資者不確定IPO到底包括哪些資產(chǎn)。
Among its units, Alibaba's Taobao site offers a consumer-to-consumer marketplace. Brands like Nike and Disney use its Tmall site as a marketplace to sell directly to Chinese consumers. Alibaba also has a 'cloud-computing' business that, like Amazon's Web Services unit, lets companies rent computer storage and processing power over the Web rather than buying their own servers. One thing that won't be included in the deal, according to analysts and Wall Street Journal reporting, is the Alibaba-affiliated PayPal-like company Alipay.
阿里巴巴的淘寶網(wǎng)(Taobao.com)是一家消費(fèi)者間(C2C)購(gòu)物平臺(tái),而耐克(Nike)、迪士尼(Disney)等品牌在阿里巴巴旗下天貓網(wǎng)(Tmall.com)上向中國(guó)客戶直接銷售產(chǎn)品。與亞馬遜的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)服務(wù)部門一樣,阿里巴巴也設(shè)有云計(jì)算業(yè)務(wù),企業(yè)可租用其計(jì)算機(jī),通過(guò)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)和處理,而無(wú)需自行購(gòu)買服務(wù)器。
2 WHAT'S THE REVENUE BREAKDOWN?
While Alibaba's recent overall revenue figures are known, it's unclear exactly what parts of the company are driving that growth. The IPO filing is expected to show which business lines are most important, which are picking up steam and which are slowing.
據(jù)分析人士及《華爾街日?qǐng)?bào)》(The Wall Street Journal)報(bào)道,阿里巴巴旗下類似貝寶(PayPal)的第三方電子支付平臺(tái)支付寶(Alipay)將不在此次上市的業(yè)務(wù)范圍內(nèi)。
3 HOW MUCH MONEY GETS SPENT THROUGH ALIBABA?
3. 通過(guò)阿里巴巴交易的資金數(shù)量有多大?
Alibaba is largely a middleman, helping sellers market their wares and buyers find what they need. And for the most part, it makes money by charging commissions on those sales. That makes transaction volumes one of the more important metrics points for investors looking to understand both Alibaba and the growth of China's online retail market in general.
雖然阿里巴巴最近的整體收入數(shù)字是眾所周知的,但推動(dòng)這種增長(zhǎng)的到底是該公司哪些業(yè)務(wù)并不清楚。IPO文件預(yù)計(jì)將顯示出其哪些業(yè)務(wù)線是最重要的,哪些業(yè)務(wù)在加快發(fā)展,哪些在放緩。
The Wall Street Journal has reported that Alibaba's Taobao and Tmall sites reached $240 billion in combined transaction volume last year. By way of contrast, EBay posted $76.5 billion last year in so-called 'gross merchandise volume' excluding vehicles.
Bernstein & Co.分析師Carlos Kirjner給客戶的一份報(bào)告顯示,他估計(jì)淘寶和天貓網(wǎng)站合計(jì)在阿里巴巴集團(tuán)2013財(cái)年總收入中占了85%的比例。但目前是多少很難精確估計(jì)。
4 HOW MUCH CASH DOES THE COMPANY HAVE?Alibaba has spent more than $3.5 billion since the start of last year on acquisitions, The Wall Street Journal has reported. Investors will want to know if it can continue its buying spree, and if so, what types of companies is it looking to acquire? IPO filings typically contain a balance sheet and cash-flow statement which detail how much cash the company is generating, and how much it has in the bank. Investors will also likely have questions about what the company plans to do with its cash. But investors may not get all the info they want on this front, as IPO documents are typically light on management predictions about future deal making.
阿里巴巴基本上扮演著中間人的角色,幫助賣家營(yíng)銷商品,同時(shí)也幫助買家找到他們所需的東西。在很大程度上,阿里巴巴的收入是通過(guò)對(duì)這些銷售收取傭金。因此投資者如果想要了解阿里巴巴乃至整個(gè)中國(guó)網(wǎng)絡(luò)零售市場(chǎng)的增長(zhǎng)狀況,交易量就成了更為重要的度量指標(biāo)之一。
5 WHAT WE WON'T KNOW:For starters, how big the IPO actually will be. The top of the filing will include a proposed dollar value of the size of the IPO, but this number is just a placeholder used to calculate certain fees and is almost sure to change. The company will disclose its estimated valuation in an amended F-1 filing when it launches its marketing 'road show' months later. Knowing Alibaba's proposed valuation is crucial to investors, who will compare valuation metrics like its price-to-earnings ratio with those of already-public peers. The first filing will also lack details on how many shares the company or existing holders are offering, and may not detail first-quarter financial results.
MATT JARZEMSKY 《華爾街日?qǐng)?bào)》曾報(bào)道,阿里巴巴旗下淘寶和天貓網(wǎng)站去年合計(jì)交易量為2,400億美元。相比之下,EBay宣布去年除汽車之外的商品交易額為765億美元。