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Mascara 睫毛膏
This is the makeup item you should be most vigilant about: As the brush is taken out, applied, and put back in the tube, it brings with it any bacteria that has collected along the way, explains cosmetic chemist Jim Hammer. Lingering bacteria can cause redness and itchiness, or even conjunctivitis (a.k.a. pinkeye) and sties. Switch mascara every two to three months to be safe. "It will also have a distinct gasoline-like smell once it's gone bad," says makeup artist Pati Dubroff. If you develop any negative symptoms, immediately throw out any of your eye makeup that may have been contaminated. If your eyes are still irritated a day or two later, see an eye doctor。
tips：刷子一進(jìn)一出，就會帶進(jìn)很多細(xì)菌。每兩三個月更換一支睫毛膏最好。當(dāng)睫毛膏聞起來有汽油味的時候就說明壞了。
Foundation 粉底
With the exception of powder formulas, all foundations are water-based, which means bacteria love them. Unopened, foundation can last for a couple of years, but once the seal is broken, Hammer says, it's best to replace it after 6 to 12 months. Keep foundations out of moist environments (such as your bathroom) and away from heat, as high temperatures encourage the growth of the bugs and can speed up the spoiling—true for beauty products in general. An off smell or a change in color tells you the formula is finished—applying it could cause irritation or breakouts。
tips：粉底都含水，所以易滋生細(xì)菌。沒開封的粉底可保質(zhì)幾年時間，一旦拆封，6到12個月就該換了。變味和變色是粉底變質(zhì)的征兆。
Concealer 遮瑕膏
Concealers are meant to cover blemishes, not cause them—which is what can happen if you use a concealer that's too old. "You'll know it's gone bad because the color will start to shift," says cosmetic chemist Ni'Kita Wilson. Concealers in powder and stick form can last for up to two years, while liquids should be tossed after one。
tips：粉狀或棒狀的遮瑕可維持2年左右，液態(tài)遮瑕1年后就該更換。
