常見錯(cuò)誤
1. 名詞錯(cuò)誤。名詞單、復(fù)數(shù)用錯(cuò),可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞的混用。
例如:
①We study quite a few subject, such as maths, Chinese, English and physics.?
A few后面應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù),所以subject改為subjects。
②They were eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of question。
Question為可數(shù)名詞,lots of后面是復(fù)數(shù)形式,所以question改為questions
③I hope that you two could come and visit us some times soon。
“Times”表示次數(shù)時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞,表示時(shí)間概念時(shí)是不可數(shù)名詞,根據(jù)句意times應(yīng)改為time。
2. 時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤
在一篇結(jié)構(gòu)完整、語(yǔ)義連續(xù)的短文中,時(shí)態(tài)的使用也應(yīng)該連貫一致,但是英語(yǔ)表示時(shí)間時(shí),主句和從句時(shí)態(tài)可能不一致,卻仍表明完整正確的意思。這就要求考生準(zhǔn)確判斷句中動(dòng)作的時(shí)態(tài),培養(yǎng)對(duì)英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)的敏感度。?
例如:
①He can’t remember what he once knows。
主句用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),賓語(yǔ)從句中有once(從前)作為明顯的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),因而從句中動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用過(guò)去時(shí)knew。
②It was kind of them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home。
“and”兩邊應(yīng)該是平行的,“and”前面是動(dòng)詞原形meet,“and”后面應(yīng)該也用動(dòng)詞原形,所以將drove改為drive。
3. 語(yǔ)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤
在PETS2短文改錯(cuò)題中最常見的語(yǔ)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被誤用為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。因?yàn)闈h語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣上有時(shí)不加“被”字也能表示被動(dòng),因而造成考生對(duì)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)不敏感。另外,不及物動(dòng)詞不能攜帶賓語(yǔ),因而也就沒有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。?
例如:
She was very angry at not telling the truth when she listened to the account。
意思是:當(dāng)她聽這個(gè)敘述的時(shí)候,她很生氣沒有被告知真相。這里“她”是被告訴的對(duì)象,因而telling應(yīng)改為being told。
4. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣錯(cuò)誤
虛擬語(yǔ)氣的使用錯(cuò)誤在綜合改錯(cuò)題中主要表現(xiàn)為主句和從句的語(yǔ)氣不協(xié)調(diào)。
例如: We suggest that Henry is told about his condition as soon as possible。
句中動(dòng)詞suggest之后的從句應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,故“is”應(yīng)改為“be”或“should be”。類似的動(dòng)詞還有propose/ insist/order等等。