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Lesson 47 The great escape
第47課 大逃亡
First listen and then answer the following question.
聽錄音，然后回答以下問題。
What is one of the features of modern camping where nationality is concerned?
與民族風格相關的現代野營，其特點之一是什么？
Economy is one powerful motive for camping, since after the initial outlay upon equipment, or through hiring it,
圖省錢是露營的一個主要動機，因為除了開始時購置或是租借一套露營裝備外，
the total expense can be far less than the cost of hotels.
總費用算起來要比住旅館開支少得多。
But, contrary to a popular assumption, it is far from being the only one, or even the greatest.
但是，和一般的看法相反，這決非是僅有的，甚至不是最主要的動機。
The man who manoeuvres carelessly into his 20 pounds' worth of space at one of Europe's myriad permanent sites may find himself bumping a Bentley.
如果一位游客漫不經心地駕車駛入歐洲無數常年營地之一，花20鎊租用一個空位，那么他可能會碰見一輛本特利汽車，
More likely, Ford Escort will be hub to hub with Renault or Mercedes, but rarely with bicycles made for two.
更可能會望見一輛福特。康索爾或一輛雷諾或一輛梅塞迪斯并排停放著，不過雙人自行車則不容易看到。
That the equipment of modern camping becomes yearly more sophisticated is an entertaining paradox for the cynic,
現代露營裝備一年比一年講究，這對那些厭世嫉俗者來說是一件有趣的自相矛盾的事情。
a brighter promise for the hopeful traveller who has sworn to get away from it all.
而對于發誓用露營來擺脫煩惱的人來說，卻帶來了更光明的前景。
It also provides--and some student sociologist might care to base his thesis upon the phenomenon--an escape of another kind.
學社會學的大學生來露營是另一種形式的擺脫現實，他們的目的很可能是根據觀察到的露營現象去寫論文。
The modern traveller is often a man who dislikes the Splendide and the Bellavista,
現代露營旅游的人往往討厭在“斯普蘭迪德”和“貝拉維斯塔”這樣的大酒店，
not because he cannot afford, or shuns their material comforts, but because he is afraid of them.
這并不是因為他們付不起錢，也不是為了躲避物質享受，而是因為他們害怕它們（酒店）。
Affluent he may be, but he is by no means sure what to tip the doorman or the chambermaid.
他們可能很富有，但要給看門人和房間女服務多少小費，心中卻根本沒有數；
Master in his own house, he has little idea of when to say boo to a matred hotel.
他們在家可能是主人，但不知道什么時候才能對酒店的經理表示不滿。
From all such fears camping releases him.
露營為人們免除了這些憂慮。
Granted, a snobbery of camping itself, based upon equipment and techniques, already exists;
誠然，露營地本身也存在以露營裝備和方式取人的勢利現象，
but it is of a kind that, if he meets it, he can readily understand and deal with.
但如果他們遇到這種情況，他們也容易理解和知道如何對付，
There is no superior 'they' in the shape of managements and hotel hierarchies to darken his holiday days.
但在露營地里根本不會有管人的“人上人”和酒店里的等級制度來種露營者的假日過得陰郁低沉。
To such motives, yet another must be added.
除上以動機外，還應加上一個。
The contemporary phenomenon of car worship is to be explained not least by the sense of independence and freedom that ownership entails.
當前崇拜汽車現象可以用與所有權相伴的獨立和自由意識來解釋。
To this pleasure camping gives an exquisite refinement.
因此開車去露營會給這種快樂意識增加一種優雅意境。
From one's own front door to home or foreign hills or sands and back again, everything is to hand.
從自己的家門出發到國內國外的山區或沙灘上露營然后返回，一切都很便利。
Not only are the means of arriving at the holiday paradise entirely within one's own command and keeping,
完全在自己掌握之中的私人汽車不僅是到達假日天堂的工具，
but the means of escape from holiday hell (if the beach proves too crowded, the local weather too inclement) are there, outside--or, as likely, part of--the tent.
而且也是逃離假日地獄（如海灘太擠，當地天氣惡劣）方便工具，因為汽車就停在帳篷外面，或者汽車本身可能就是露營帳篷的一個組成部分。
Idealists have objected to the practice of camping,
理想主義者像反對旅行社安排一切的一攬子旅游一樣反對露營的作法，
as to the package tour, that the traveller abroad thereby denies himself the opportunity of getting to know the people of the country visited.
說這種封閉的作法使到國外旅游者失去了了解所去國家人民的機會。
Insularity and self-containment, it is argued, go hand in hand.
他們爭論說，心胸狹窄和自我封閉是并存的。
The opinion does not survive experience of a popular Continental camping place.
但這種說法在受人歡迎的歐洲露營地是站不住腳的。
Holiday hotels tend to cater for one nationality of visitors especially, sometimes exclusively.
假日旅館有只接待來自一個國家的旅游者的傾向，有時會達到排他的程度。
Camping sites, by contrast, are highly cosmopolitan.
而露營駐地則相反，是高度世界性的。
Granted, a preponderance of Germans is a characteristic that seems common to most Mediterranean sites; but as yet there is no overwhelmingly specialized patronage.
確實如此，在大多數地中海露營地里，德國人占優勢似乎是個普遍現象，但并沒有特別的優待。
Notices forbidding the open-air drying of clothes, or the use of water points for car washing,
禁止露天曬衣服、禁止用水龍頭沖洗汽車的布告
or those inviting 'our camping friends' to a dance or a boat trip are printed not only in French or Italian or Spanish, but also in English, German and Dutch.
和邀請露營朋友參加舞會、乘船觀光的招貼不僅印志法語、意大利語、西班牙語，而且也印成英語、德語、荷蘭語。
At meal times the odour of sauerkraut vies with that of garlic.
用飯的時候，德國泡菜味和大蒜味爭相散發。
The Frenchman's breakfast coffee competes with the Englishman's bacon and eggs.
法國人的早點咖啡和英國人的咸肉煎蛋競相比美。
Whether the remarkable growth of organized camping means the eventual death of the more independent kind is hard to say.
有組織的露營活動的明顯發展是否意味著較獨立的自我封閉式露營的最終消失，還很難說。
Municipalities naturally want to secure the campers' site fees and other custom.
市政當局當然希望獲得露營者的場地費和其他的顧客。
Police are wary of itinerants who cannot be traced to a recognized camp boundary or to four walls.
警察則對那些查不出有固定營地或住處的游蕩者保持警惕。
But most probably it will all depend upon campers themselves: how many heath fires they cause; how much litter they leave;
但最重要的或許是露營者自己，即他們引起了多少場野火，留下了多少垃圾。
in short, whether or not they wholly alienate landowners and those who live in the countryside.
簡言之，就是他們是否會讓土地所有者和鄉間的居民互相反目。
Only good scouting is likely to preserve the freedoms so dear to the heart of the eternal Boy Scout.
只有優良的童子軍活動才能保持不朽的童子軍所衷心熱愛的各項自由。
