評論
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Science & technology
科技版塊
Electric vehicles
電動汽車
Horses for courses
物盡其用
Battery-swapping make sense for commercial but not private vehicles
更換電池適用于商業車輛，但不適用于私家車
One of the most successful battery-swapping schemes for electric vehicles (evs) is run by Gogoro, a Taiwanese firm.
最成功的電動汽車電池更換計劃之一是由中國臺灣公司Gogoro運營的。
It has some 500,000 subscribers who, in return for a monthly fee, can quickly exchange depleted batteries from their electric mopeds and scooters for fully charged ones at a network of kiosks around the country.
該公司有50萬名用戶，每月交一筆費用就可以全國范圍內的網點，將他們的電動輕便摩托車和滑板車耗盡的電池更換為充滿電的電池。
What makes Gogoro’s scheme so popular is that it uses a standardised battery which fits into machines produced by different manufacturers.
Gogoro的方案之所以如此受歡迎，是因為它使用的是標準化電池，可以安裝在不同制造商生產的機器上。
Japan’s giant automakers are now looking at doing something similar with delivery vans and light trucks.
日本的大型汽車制造商現在正考慮對送貨車和輕型卡車采取類似的做法。
A consortium of Daihatsu, Isuzu, Hino, Suzuki and Toyota is exploring the use of easily detached “cartridge” batteries to power such vehicles.
由大發、五十鈴、日野、鈴木和豐田組成的一個聯盟正在探索使用易于拆卸的“盒式”電池為這類車輛提供動力。
These cartridges would be smaller than the fixed batteries of typical evs (though several could be bundled to provide more range) and would be standardised to fit any vehicle adapted to the system.
這些電池盒將比典型電動汽車的固定電池更小(盡管可以捆綁幾個以提供更大的續航里程)，并將進行標準化，以適應任何適應該系統的車輛。
When empty, they could be removed and replaced quickly with fully charged ones at automated drive-in swap stations.
當電量耗盡時，它們可以被移除，并在自動免下車交換站快速更換為充滿電的電池盒。
Yamato Transport, a big Japanese delivery service, is working with the consortium on ways to set up a network of such stations.
大和運輸，一家日本的大型快遞服務公司，正在與該聯盟合作建立一個這樣的站點網絡。
Swapping batteries like this would be a useful way of powering commercial evs that are constantly on the road and therefore require frequent recharging.
像這樣交換電池將是一種為商業電動汽車提供動力的有效方式，因為它們經常在路上行駛，因此需要頻繁充電。
Conventional fast charging, of the sort a private motorist might employ at a service station, is intended only for occasional use because doing it repeatedly strains a battery, shortening its working life.
傳統的快速充電，就像私人司機在服務站所使用的那樣，只用于偶爾的使用，因為這樣反復充電會使電池疲勞，縮短電池的使用壽命。
Swapped-out battery cassettes, by contrast, can be recharged slowly and efficiently, but without keeping a vehicle off the road.
相比之下，換下來的電池盒可以緩慢而有效地充電，而且車輛還可以繼續在道路上行駛。
The consortium thinks battery swapping might help cut peak electricity demand at businesses as well, by eliminating end-of-shift surges when lots of vehicles return to base and plug in simultaneously.
該聯盟認為，更換電池可能還有助于降低企業的峰值電力需求，因為它消除了輪班結束時的用電高峰，也就是避免了大量車輛返回基地并同時充電。
The consortium will also have to decide whether to sell cartridge batteries outright and let transport companies do their own swapping, or lease them and rely on third-party swap-stations.
該財團還必須決定是直接出售盒式電池，讓運輸公司自己交換，還是租賃電池盒并依賴第三方更換站。
