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Jeremy O'Brien, one of the firm's founders, says that, in partnership with GlobalFoundries, a big contract chipmaker,
該公司創(chuàng)始人之一杰里米·奧布萊恩表示，在大型合同芯片制造商GlobalFoundries的合作下，
PsiQuantum is already producing wafers full of quantum-computing chips.
PsiQuantum已經(jīng)開始生產(chǎn)納入了大量量子計(jì)算芯片的晶片了。
Other firms are concentrating on making quantum computers easier to work with.
其他公司則將重心放到了提高量子計(jì)算機(jī)的使用體驗(yàn)方面。
Q-CTRL is an Australian startup that has raised "tens of millions" from investors including Sequoia Capital and In-Q-Tel (which invests on behalf of America's intelligence agencies).
澳大利亞初創(chuàng)公司Q-CTRL已經(jīng)從紅杉資本，In-Q-tel(美國(guó)情報(bào)機(jī)構(gòu)的投資代表)等投資方處籌集到“數(shù)千萬(wàn)”資金。
"We build 'quantum firmware'," says Michael Biercuk, one of the company's founders.
“我們生產(chǎn)的是‘量子固件’，”該公司創(chuàng)始人之一邁克爾·比爾庫(kù)克說(shuō)。
This is the lowest level of software, responsible for controlling a computer's hardware directly.
也即直接控制計(jì)算機(jī)硬件的最低級(jí)別的軟件。
One reason NISQS are so hard to work with is that the delicate quantum states they rely on break down in fractions of a second, so calculations must be completed in those slivers of time.
NISQS之所以難用，原因之一就在于這種量子計(jì)算機(jī)依賴的量子態(tài)不穩(wěn)定，瞬息之間就會(huì)發(fā)生變化，如此一來(lái)，計(jì)算工作就必須在這些時(shí)間碎片內(nèi)完成。
On top of this, imperfect manufacturing means that some parts of a quantum chip suffer noticeably more errors than others—a pattern which varies unpredictably between individual chips.
此外，制造工序難免存在缺陷，這就意味著量子芯片的某些地方出現(xiàn)的差錯(cuò)相比之下可能會(huì)格外嚴(yán)重——不同芯片之間出錯(cuò)的模式也難以預(yù)測(cè)。
Careful control of a machine's hardware, says Dr Biercuk, can help minimise these difficulties.
精心控制機(jī)器的硬件，比爾庫(kù)克博士表示，將有助于最大程度地降低這些困難的難度。
To this end Q-CTRL's engineers have used machine learning to improve hardware-control routines written initially by human beings.
為此，Q-CTRL的工程師們已經(jīng)開始借助機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)來(lái)完善人類編寫的初始硬件控制程序。
Dr Biercuk reckons this can cut error rates by 90% and reduce the variability across an individual chip by a similar amount.
比爾庫(kù)克博士估計(jì)，這一舉措能將錯(cuò)誤率降低90%，對(duì)單個(gè)芯片的不確定性的把控也能達(dá)到類似幅度。
After building a machine and tuning it to work as well as possible, the next step is to get it into the hands of potential customers.
等到機(jī)器搭建成功并能盡可能順利地運(yùn)行之后，下一步工作便是將其交付到潛在客戶手中。
The easiest way to do this is to connect interested parties to the internet and invite them to experiment.
最簡(jiǎn)單的交付辦法就是聯(lián)絡(luò)感興趣的有關(guān)各方，邀請(qǐng)他們?cè)囉谩?/p>
IBM's "Q Network", established in 2017, is a cloud-computing service that lets clients use the firm's own quantum computers.
IBM旗下，成立于2017年的“Q Network”就是一款為客戶提供該公司自己的量子計(jì)算機(jī)使用服務(wù)的云計(jì)算服務(wù)產(chǎn)品。
IBM now has partnerships with dozens of established firms, including Daimler, Samsung and Goldman Sachs, which are intended thus to explore the technology.
如今，IBM已經(jīng)與戴姆勒、三星，高盛等數(shù)十家老牌公司建立了合作伙伴關(guān)系，他們都已產(chǎn)生探索該項(xiàng)技術(shù)的意愿。
Smaller hardware-makers, lacking IBM's reach, have joined up with other cloud-computing firms.
規(guī)模較小，不具備IBM那樣的影響力的其他硬件制造商也與其他云計(jì)算公司攜手。
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