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Sticking a thermometer into an armpit, mouth, ear or other body cavity is the most accurate way to take someone's temperature.
將體溫計插入腋窩、口腔、耳朵或其他體腔是測量體溫最準(zhǔn)確的方法。
Understandably, though, this cannot be done at airports or checkpoints set up elsewhere
然而，可以理解的是，這在機場或其他地方設(shè)立的檢查站是做不到的，
to screen the masses for feverish victims of covid-19.
這些地方是為了篩查人群中是否有covid-19的發(fā)燒患者。
So, in a bid to detect the warmth produced by a fever without touching any bodies, officials have opted for alternatives.
因此，為了在不接觸任何身體部位的情況下檢測發(fā)燒產(chǎn)生的熱量，各國選擇了其他辦法。
The hand-held "thermometer guns" now ubiquitous in China, among other places, are one option.
現(xiàn)在在中國和其他地方隨處可見的手持“溫度計槍”是一種選擇。
These instruments, known technically as spot pyrometers, use a device called a bolometer to estimate an object's temperature.
這些儀器，技術(shù)上稱為現(xiàn)場高溫計，使用一種稱為輻射熱測定器的設(shè)備來估計一個物體的溫度。
A bolometer's electrical resistance depends on how hot it is.
輻射熱測定器的電阻取決于它的熱度。
That, in turn, depends on the amount of infrared radiation falling on it from whatever it is pointing at.
反過來，這又取決于從它指向的任何地方落在它身上的紅外輻射的數(shù)量。
Spot pyrometers are used widely in industry to check equipment for signs of overheating,
現(xiàn)場高溫計在工業(yè)中廣泛用于檢查設(shè)備過熱跡象，
but the infrared signals they rely on can be muddled by dust, moisture, smoke, a change in ambient temperature,
但是它們所依賴的紅外信號可能會被灰塵、濕氣、煙霧、環(huán)境溫度的變化、
a smudge on the device's lens or even by radio signals.
設(shè)備鏡頭上的污跡甚至無線電信號所干擾。
Beyond all this, an official checking a stream of foreheads may, for reasons of personal safety,
除此之外，出于個人安全的考慮，測量額頭體溫的檢察人員
be reluctant to hold the gun close enough to obtain an accurate reading.
可能不愿意拿著測溫槍近距離讀取準(zhǔn)確的讀數(shù)。
An alternative technology, the thermal camera, is costlier. But it can operate from farther away.
另一種替代技術(shù)，即熱感攝像機，成本更高。但它可以在更遠的地方運行。
Instead of a single bolometer, it has an array of them.
它不是單一的輻射熱測定器，而是大量的輻射熱測定器。
These form the pixels which generate the camera's image, thus building up a heat map of whatever that camera is looking at.
這些像素形成了相機的圖像，從而將相機看到的畫面形成一個熱圖。
One popular thermal camera, the A320, made by FLIR Systems, an American firm,
一種受歡迎的熱感攝像機是A320，由美國FLIR公司制造，
can detect variations in radiation which correspond to temperature differences within an image of just 0.02°C.
該設(shè)備可以在在0.02°C的圖像中，探測到與溫差相對應(yīng)的輻射變化。
But this merely shows whether one part of the object being examined is warmer or cooler than another.
但這僅僅表明了被檢測物體的一部分比另一部分更熱或更冷。
When measuring the object's actual temperature, the A320 is accurate only to about 2°C, says Giovanni Scaglia, FLIR's head of sales in Italy.
當(dāng)測量物體的實際溫度時，A320的精確度只有2攝氏度左右，F(xiàn)LIR在意大利的銷售主管Giovanni Scaglia說到。
For a single reading, this is enough to mistake normal body temperature for a raging fever.
僅僅一個讀數(shù)，就足以將正常體溫誤認為是高燒。
In practice, however, the camera's software looks for deviations from the average temperature of passers-by.
但在實際操作中，相機的軟件會尋找路人平均溫度的偏差。
Those noticeably hotter than their fellows can then be selected for closer investigation.
那些體溫明顯比他們同伴更高的人可以被挑選出來進行更深入的調(diào)查。
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