Education and Schooling

It is commonly believed in United States that school is where people go to get an education. Nevertheless, it has been said that today children interrupt their education to go to school. The distinction between schooling and education implied by this remark is important.

Education is much more open-ended（開放的） and all-inclusive（包括一切的；兼收并蓄的） than schooling（學(xué)校教育）. Education knows no bounds（范圍；限度）. It can take place anywhere, whether in the shower or in the job, whether in a kitchen or on a tractor. It includes both the formal learning that takes place in schools and the whole universe of informal learning. The agents of education can range from a revered（受尊重的） grandparent to the people debating politics on the radio, from a child to a distinguished（著名的） scientist. Whereas schooling has a certain predictability, education quite often produces surprises. A chance conversation with a stranger may lead a person to discover how little is known of other religions. People are engaged in education from infancy on. Education, then, is a very broad, inclusive term. It is a lifelong process, a process that starts long before the start of school, and one that should be an integral（完整的） part of one’s entire life.

Schooling, on the other hand, is a specific, formalized（形式化的；拘泥于形式的）process, whose general pattern varies little from one setting to the next. Throughout a country, children arrive at school at approximately the same time, take assigned（指定的） seats, are taught by an adult, use similar textbooks, do homework, take exams, and so on. The slices of reality that are to be learned, whether they are the alphabet or an understanding of the working of government, have usually been limited by the boundaries of the subject being taught. For example, high school students know that there not likely to find out in their classes the truth about political problems in their communities or what the newest filmmakers are experimenting with. There are definite conditions surrounding the formalized process of schooling.