1.refer to 涉及；指的是

Symbols are signs that refer to the object by a convention.
標志是一種人們習(xí)慣性指代某種事物的符號。

Slowschools and slow education can refer to different aspects of education.
慢速學(xué)校和慢速教育可以指教育的不同方面。
2.set on 開始，著手；唆使

In many ways india seems set on a promising path.
在許多方面印度似乎都在走向一條康莊大道。

But other nations are emerging, set on sharing influence and prestige.
不過，另外一些國家正在崛起，它們定將分享影響與威信。

3.in particular 尤其， 特別

Progress is needed in three areas in particular.
尤其需要在三個方面取得進展。

Unemployment in particular has risen less than once seemed likely.
特別是失業(yè)率的增速似乎可能有所放緩。

4.in contrast to 相比之下

Overall, we think the non-manufacturing sector is doing fine, in contrast to the manufacturing sector.
我們認為，相比制造業(yè)，中國非制造業(yè)的整體情況還是不錯的。

The institute itself stands in contrast to the scruffy university.
這所學(xué)院本身就與破舊的大學(xué)形成鮮明的對比。