托福閱讀推理題是托福閱讀的重要組成部分,一般而言,在托福閱讀的3篇文章中,每篇總是會有0-2道此類推理題,一次考試總共有3-4道。
所謂托福閱讀推理題,也就是所需要的信息都包含在文章中,但是沒有直接加以說明,需要考生從已知中推出。托福閱讀推理題的題干中常出現infer, imply , most likely (least likely) 或probably 等詞語。
1、一般對比推理:根據兩個事情的對比特征,問其中一個事物的特征,只要將與之形成對比的另外一個事情的特征否定掉就可以。
2、時間對比推理:在這種推理中,一般有兩個形成對比的時間段,它們所具有的特征一般相反。當題干問一個時間段的特征時,只要將與之相反的時間段的特征否定掉就可以了。
3、集合概念推理 :一個大的集合的兩個方面形成對比,兩者之間存在著互補性關系,也就是一個的增加意味著另一個的減少。反之,相同。這個比較抽象,我們來看一個例子:
例如:Both the number and the percentage of people in the United States involved in nonagricultural pursuits expanded rapidly during the half century following the civil war, with some of the most dramatic increases occurring in the domains of transportation, manufacturing, and trade and distribution.
What can be inferred from the passage about the agricultural sector of the economy after the Civil War?
(A) New technological developments had little effect on farmers.
(B) The percentage of the total population working in agriculture declined.
(C) Many farms destroyed in the war were rebuilt after the war.
(D) Farmers achieved new prosperity because of better rural transportation.
文中指出:非農業人口的數量和比例都增加了。由此可知農業人口的數量和比例下降,所以(B)為正確答案。
n. 繁榮,興旺