評論
打印
作文中的邏輯聯系詞一直都是幫助考生提高自己成績的至寶。我們在寫英文復雜句的時候其實就是將兩個或兩個以上的句子用連接詞連接起來的。前面沒有連接詞的主+謂+賓的結構叫做主句，而前面加了連接詞的主+謂+賓叫做從句。而如果是多個句子的疊加，則結構如下。
主句+連詞+從句+連詞+從句
英文復雜句的本質其實就是這么簡單，當然我們還能寫出更加困難的復雜句，但從ets給出的滿分范文可以看出，真正確保了核心結構才能寫出滿分的句子。相反的，我們在寫托福作文的時候一定要避免為了寫難句而寫難句(being difficult just for difficulty’s sake).很多同學一相情愿的寫出很多的“難句”，卻忽視了ets對托福作文實用加準確的要求，從而拿了出乎本人意料的低分。
所以考生們在平時練習作文的時候提高自己的聯系詞實用的熟練度和準確度就是提高考試作文質量的最佳途徑。
轉折關系詞
1， While; whereas; whilst：用在句首或是句中都是可以的，表示主句和從句的對比，也就是說這三個詞均用來表示句中對比，是不能當成句首副詞來用的。
Eg
This is based on the belief that identical twins share all the same genes whereas all the fraternal twins share only half the same genes.
While environmentalists are quick to blame the increased carbon dioxide emissions for the global warming, the truth is that nobody knows whether a similar warming-and the later cooling-occurred before the advent of temperature-related technology in the 1900s.
2， by/in contrast:用在句首，表示它之前的一個句子和它后面引導的句子之間的對比，也就是表示句間對比。
3， on the contrary：這個詞考生們都很喜歡用，但是錯誤率很高。需要注意的是這個詞和in contrast弄混了，但其實這個此更接近instead，…的意思。它后面的內容是否定前面的陳述的。
Eg：
It should be noted that not all school kids love to study. On the contrary, they love to explore the world around them, paying little attention to their academic work.
Contrary to all the experts’ expectation, the American economy took a nosedive.
4， rather than/instead of: 而不是，這兩詞是高分范文中的常見詞匯，雖然也很為我們所熟悉，但是我們可以在不產生審美疲勞的情況下多使用幾次。
At work, we should try to be ourselves rather than to be someone who we think others expect us to be.
Instead of making further requests, pessimistic customers tend to lodge complaints.
5， Conversely:這貨十分難寫，跟在它后面的內容一般是把它前面的一句話的意思完全鏡像。雖然它在美式議論文還算比較常見的一個單詞，但是因為其用法確實讓人頭痛。具體請看例句：
Studies have shown, for example, that reading aloud to children helps them become better readers. Conversely, children who do not have others reading aloud to them generally find it difficult to learn how to read.
讓步關系詞
1. Despite; In spite of; Notwithstanding: 后面跟名詞或者代詞。
Eg：
Despite considerable public popularity, many of JFK’s social and civil rights programs had made little progress in a Democrat-controlled but conservative Congress.
2. Nonetheless; Nevertheless: 后面直接跟完整的句子。
Eg：
Nevertheless, people have been harmed, hurt or even killed by them.
3. Even though:很多時候可以代替although，后面跟從句，表示對已經存在的狀況進行讓步。
4. Even if：后面跟從句，表示對沒有發生的情況進行讓步。
5. Albeit：一般用在句子中間，后面跟形容詞。
6. As long as：只要，用在句子中間，不僅寫作很常用，口語也很常用，比如那句有名的歌詞:I don’t care who you are, where you from , what you did as long as you love me.
7. ….,however +adj.+n.,…: 這個句型也可以表示讓步，它的有趣的之處就是名詞后面可以省略動詞。
Eg：
Most couples, however fossilized their relationship, they always share some interests in common.
8. Admittedly: 他后面的句子一般都會加個“however”“but”之類的轉折詞匯。
限定關系詞
1. In terms of: 從。。。意義上來講;后面跟名詞或者名詞短語，用在句首或者句中都可以。
Eg：
We all differ in terms of what we find funny, but we’re all the same in terms our interests to listen to amusing things.
These children are often spoiled, not in terms of love and attention because working parents do not have time for this, but in more material ways.
2. As for：后面可跟名詞或者名詞短語都可以，用在句首
3. When it comes to:后面跟名詞或者名詞短語，用在句首，有時候根據上下意思不同還可以再前面加上一個but
4. Regarding; concerning; with regard to; with respect to：關于。。。后面跟名詞或者名詞短語，用在句首或者句中都可以
類比關系詞
1. Similarly:“類似地”一般情況下用在句首
Eg:
Similarly, students who have to cope with intense peer pressure may have a hard time concentrating on their academic subjects.
2. Likewise:同上
Eg
Some people have little power to do good, and to have little strength to resist evil.-------Samuel Johnson.
3. By the same token:：“同理”
Eg:
The pressure didn’t present any fresh ideas, bun y the same token(=similarly), we didn’t expect any from him.
4. The same is true of:“這對于。。。也適用”，句首，后面跟名詞或者名詞短語
因果關系詞
原因：
1. As; Since:后面跟從句而不能只跟一個名詞
Eg：
Since we cannot experience everything all by ourselves, we also acquire knowledge by reading books, magazines and newspapers.
2. Due to ：后面只能跟從句而不能跟從句。
3. Owing to：同上
4. For the sake of，相當于英文中的for the purpose of helping/improving
Eg
My father kept saving his money for the sake of building a house for me.
5. By virtue of:意識是“通過。。。來。。。”
Eg:
She succeed by virtue of her tenacity rather than her talent.
6. Given that; In view of, in light of“考慮到，鑒于。。。”
Eg:
Given the mounting pressure at work, he would sacrifice his high-paying job in exchange for the leisure time.
所以：
1. Hence; Thus; Therefore:因此; 用在句中或者句首都可以，如果用在句中的話，則句中用分號，后面跟他們引導的從句。
2. As a consequence; Consequently;as a result: 作為結果，用在句首比較多，后面用逗號。
3. So that：因此，用在句中。
