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《名人傳記》之喬布斯遺失的訪談34:追求極致并分享給同類

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Thus they were destined to clash, especially after Jobs was ejected from the Lisa project in September 1980 and began casting around for someplace else to make his mark. It was inevitable that his gaze would fall on the Macintosh project. Raskin’s manifestos about an inexpensive machine for the masses, with a simple graphic interface and clean design, stirred his soul. And it was also inevitable that once Jobs set his sights on the Macintosh project, Raskin’s days were numbered. “Steve started acting on what he thought we should do, Jef started brooding, and it instantly was clear what the outcome would be,” recalled Joanna Hoffman, a member of the Mac team.

因此,他們兩人之間注定會有沖突,尤其是喬布斯在1980年9月被逐出麗薩項目后,他開始尋找其他能讓自己創造輝煌的地方。不可避免地,他的目光落到了麥金塔項目上。拉斯金“為大眾制造一臺擁有簡單圖形界面和簡潔設計的廉價電腦”的宣言觸動了喬布斯的心靈。同樣不可避免的是,一旦喬布斯盯上了麥金塔項目,拉斯金的日子也就到頭兒了?!笆返俜蜷_始將他的想法灌輸給我們,杰夫陷入了苦悶的思考之中,會有怎樣的結果一目了然。”Mac團隊的成員喬安娜·霍夫曼(JoanneHoffman)回憶說。

The first conflict was over Raskin’s devotion to the underpowered Motorola 6809 microprocessor. Once again it was a clash between Raskin’s desire to keep the Mac’s price under $1,000 and Jobs’s determination to build an insanely great machine. So Jobs began pushing for the Mac to switch to the more powerful Motorola 68000, which is what the Lisa was using. Just before Christmas 1980, he challenged Burrell Smith, without telling Raskin, to make a redesigned prototype that used the more powerful chip. As his hero Wozniak would have done, Smith threw himself into the task around the clock, working nonstop for three weeks and employing all sorts of breathtaking programming leaps. When he succeeded, Jobs was able to force the switch to the Motorola 68000, and Raskin had to brood and recalculate the cost of the Mac.

第一次沖突是關于拉斯金鐘愛的低性能微處理器——摩托羅拉6809。這又一次成為了拉斯金將Mac價格控制在1000美元以下的愿望與喬布斯建造一臺完美機器的決心之間的沖突。于是,喬布斯開始強烈要求Mac換上性能強勁的摩托羅拉68000,這也是當時麗薩使用的微處理器。1980年圣誕節前,在沒有告知拉斯金的情況下,喬布斯給了伯勒爾·史密斯一個考驗戰:設計一臺使用摩托羅拉68000的樣機。就像自己的偶像沃茲尼亞克一樣,史密斯不分晝夜地投入到了任務當中,工作了3個星期,在編程中運用了各種驚人的創舉。在他成功之后,喬布斯如愿讓所有Mac換上了摩托羅拉68000,拉斯金只能郁悶地重新計算Mac的成本。

There was something larger at stake. The cheaper microprocessor that Raskin wanted would not have been able to accommodate all of the gee-whiz graphics—windows, menus, mouse, and so on—that the team had seen on the Xerox PARC visits. Raskin had convinced everyone to go to Xerox PARC, and he liked the idea of a bitmapped display and windows, but he was not as charmed by all the cute graphics and icons, and he absolutely detested the idea of using a point-and-click mouse rather than the keyboard. “Some of the people on the project became enamored of the quest to do everything with the mouse,” he later groused. “Another example is the absurd application of icons. An icon is a symbol equally incomprehensible in all human languages. There’s a reason why humans invented phonetic languages.”

還有更大的麻煩等著拉斯金。他想要的那款廉價微處理器無法完全駕馭那些酷炫的圖形——窗口、菜單、鼠標等他們在施樂PARC見過的東西。當初正是拉斯金說服大家去參觀了施樂PARC,而且他本人也很喜歡位圖顯示和窗口的概念。但是他并不迷戀那些漂亮的圖形和圖標,也很反感用鼠標取代鍵盤的想法?!绊椖坷锏囊恍┤诉^于追求用鼠標完成所有操作了,”他后來埋怨說,“還有一個例子就是濫用圖標,在所有的人類語言中,圖標都是一種很讓人費解的符號。人類發明表音文字是有原因的。”

Raskin’s former student Bill Atkinson sided with Jobs. They both wanted a powerful processor that could support whizzier graphics and the use of a mouse. “Steve had to take the project away from Jef,” Atkinson said. “Jef was pretty firm and stubborn, and Steve was right to take it over. The world got a better result.”

拉斯金以前的學生比爾·阿特金森這次站到了喬布斯的陣營中。他和喬布斯都想使用更強大的處理器,以支持炫麗的圖形效果和鼠標的運用。“史蒂夫不得不把這個項目從杰夫手里奪走,”阿特金森說,“杰夫是個很堅定、很固執的人,史蒂夫把項目奪過來是正確的,世界得到了一件更好的產品?!?/span>

The disagreements were more than just philosophical; they became clashes of personality. “I think that he likes people to jump when he says jump,” Raskin once said. “I felt that he was untrustworthy, and that he does not take kindly to being found wanting. He doesn’t seem to like people who see him without a halo.” Jobs was equally dismissive of Raskin. “Jef was really pompous,” he said. “He didn’t know much about interfaces. So I decided to nab some of his people who were really good, like Atkinson, bring in some of my own, take the thing over and build a less expensive Lisa, not some piece of junk.”

喬布斯和拉斯金之間的分歧不僅僅是產品理念上的。他們的個性也互不相容。“我認為他是那種喜歡發號施令的人,”拉斯金曾經說,“我感覺他不值得信賴,他受不了別人發現他的不足。他也不喜歡那些不將他奉若神明的人?!眴滩妓箤菇鹨埠懿患??!敖芊蚍浅5淖悦环?,”他說,“他對界面并沒有太多了解。所以我決定從他的人馬里挖來幾個精兵強將,比如阿特金森,再讓我手下的幾個人加入進來,接管整個項目,然后造出一臺低價版的麗薩,我可不想制造垃圾電腦?!?/span>

Some on the team found Jobs impossible to work with. “Jobs seems to introduce tension, politics, and hassles rather than enjoying a buffer from those distractions,” one engineer wrote in a memo to Raskin in December 1980. “I thoroughly enjoy talking with him, and I admire his ideas, practical perspective, and energy. But I just don’t feel that he provides the trusting, supportive, relaxed environment that I need.”

團隊中的一些人覺得與喬布斯共事實在太困難了?!罢菃滩妓菇o整個團隊帶來了壓力、杈力爭斗和激烈的沖突,而不是化解這些讓人分心的事情?!币幻こ處熢?980年12月份交給拉斯金的一份備忘錄中寫道,“我很喜歡和他交談,也很仰慕他的思想、實用性的觀點和充沛的精力。但我覺得他提供不了我需要的那種充滿信任、支持和氛圍輕松的工作環境?!?/span>


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insight ['insait]

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n. 洞察力

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convinced [kən'vinst]

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adj. 信服的

 
impossible [im'pɔsəbl]

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adj. 不可能的,做不到的
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symbol ['simbəl]

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n. 符號,標志,象征

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pompous ['pɔmpəs]

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adj. 傲慢的,自大的,浮華的

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devotion [di'vəuʃən]

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n. 虔誠,祈禱,獻身,奉獻,熱愛

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enamored [en'æməd]

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