CHAPTER TWO

第二章

ODD COUPLE

奇特的一對

The Two Steves

兩個史蒂夫

Woz

沃茲

While a student in McCollum’s class, Jobs became friends with a graduate who was the teacher’s all-time favorite and a school legend for his wizardry in the class. Stephen Wozniak, whose younger brother had been on a swim team with Jobs, was almost five years older than Jobs and far more knowledgeable about electronics. But emotionally and socially he was still a high school geek.

還在麥科勒姆班上的時候，喬布斯碰巧與一個本校的畢業(yè)生成了朋友，此人就是斯蒂芬·沃茲尼亞克（StephenWozniak）。沃茲尼亞克一直是老師最喜歡的學生，并因為在班上展現(xiàn)出的杰出才能而成為全校的傳奇人物。他的弟弟曾經(jīng)和喬布斯一起參加過游泳隊，而他本人比喬布斯大了將近5歲，對電子學的了解也遠超喬布斯。但從情商以及社交方面的能力來說，他依然是個高中生極客。

Like Jobs, Wozniak learned a lot at his father’s knee. But their lessons were different. Paul Jobs was a high school dropout who, when fixing up cars, knew how to turn a tidy profit by striking the right deal on parts. Francis Wozniak, known as Jerry, was a brilliant engineering graduate from Cal Tech, where he had quarterbacked the football team, who became a rocket scientist at Lockheed. He exalted engineering and looked down on those in business, marketing, and sales. “I remember him telling me that engineering was the highest level of importance you could reach in the world,” Steve Wozniak later recalled. “It takes society to a new level.”

和喬布斯一樣，沃茲尼亞克也從父親那里學到了很多。但兩人學到的東西是不同的。喬布斯的父親是個高中輟學生，他在修理汽車的過程中學會了如何通過買賣零部件賺取可觀的利潤；而人稱“杰里”的沃茲尼亞克的父親弗朗西斯·沃茲尼亞克（FrancisWozniak），是加州理工學院工程系的杰出畢業(yè)生，還是校橄欖球隊的四分衛(wèi)，他十分崇尚工程學并且瞧不起那些從事商業(yè)、市場或銷售的人。他后來成為了洛克希德公司的火箭專家，設計導彈制導系統(tǒng)?！拔矣浀盟嬖V我，工程學是世界上最重要的，”史蒂夫·沃茲尼亞克后來回憶說，“工程學將社會帶入了一個新的層級。”

One of Steve Wozniak’s first memories was going to his father’s workplace on a weekend and being shown electronic parts, with his dad “putting them on a table with me so I got to play with them.” He watched with fascination as his father tried to get a waveform line on a video screen to stay flat so he could show that one of his circuit designs was working properly. “I could see that whatever my dad was doing, it was important and good.” Woz, as he was known even then, would ask about the resistors and transistors lying around the house, and his father would pull out a blackboard to illustrate what they did. “He would explain what a resistor was by going all the way back to atoms and electrons. He explained how resistors worked when I was in second grade, not by equations but by having me picture it.”

沃茲尼亞克最早的記憶之一，就是在一個周末去了父親工作的地方，看到了一些電子部件，父親“把我跟這些部件一起擺在桌上，這樣我就可以拿著玩了”。父親試著讓顯示器上的一條波形保持平直，以證明自己設計的電路能夠正常工作，而沃茲在一旁看得入了迷。“我能看到，爸爸做的任何事情都是重要的，而且他做得很棒。”那個時候的沃茲就會問父親各種問題，都是關(guān)于屋子里隨處可見的電阻和晶體管的，父親就會拿出一塊黑板，給他解釋這些部件是干什么的?！八麜脑雍碗娮娱_始講起，給我解釋電阻是干什么的。我上小學二年級的時候他就給我解釋電阻是怎么工作的了，不是用方程式，而是用很具體形象的方式?！?/span>

Woz’s father taught him something else that became ingrained in his childlike, socially awkward personality: Never lie. “My dad believed in honesty. Extreme honesty. That’s the biggest thing he taught me. I never lie, even to this day.” (The only partial exception was in the service of a good practical joke.) In addition, he imbued his son with an aversion to extreme ambition, which set Woz apart from Jobs. At an Apple product launch event in 2010, forty years after they met, Woz reflected on their differences. “My father told me, ‘You always want to be in the middle,’” he said. “I didn’t want to be up with the high-level people like Steve. My dad was an engineer, and that’s what I wanted to be. I was way too shy ever to be a business leader like Steve.”

沃茲的父親還教給了他其他一些東西：絕不撒謊，這深深扎根于他那單純、不善社交的個性之中?！拔腋赣H信奉誠實，極端的誠實。那是他教我的最重要的事情，我從沒有撒過謊，到今天也是這樣?！保▋H有的例外就是他惡作劇的時候。）除此之外，這位父親還給兒子灌輸了對于極大野心的厭惡，這一點沃茲與喬布斯不同。他們結(jié)交40年以后，2010年，在一場蘋果公司的產(chǎn)品發(fā)布活動上，沃茲回顧了他們之間的這種差異?！拔野职指艺f，你總是想做一個中庸的人?！彼f，“我不想成為一個像史蒂夫那樣的高端人物。我爸爸是個工程師，那也是我想做的。我太靦腆了，永遠不可能成為像史蒂夫那樣的商業(yè)領(lǐng)袖?！?/span>

By fourth grade Wozniak became, as he put it, one of the “electronics kids.” He had an easier time making eye contact with a transistor than with a girl, and he developed the chunky and stooped look of a guy who spends most of his time hunched over circuit boards. At the same age when Jobs was puzzling over a carbon microphone that his dad couldn’t explain, Wozniak was using transistors to build an intercom system featuring amplifiers, relays, lights, and buzzers that connected the kids’ bedrooms of six houses in the neighborhood. And at an age when Jobs was building Heathkits, Wozniak was assembling a transmitter and receiver from Hallicrafters, the most sophisticated radios available.

到了四年級，沃茲尼亞克成為了他自稱為“電子小孩”的一類人。對他來說，盯著一只晶體管要比跟一個姑娘眉來眼去來得容易，他就以矮矮胖胖、有點兒駝背的形象示眾，大多數(shù)時間他都埋頭于電路板中。在喬布斯還在為了一個連他父親都解釋不清的碳精話筒而迷惑的年紀，沃茲尼亞克已經(jīng)在使用晶體管搭建對講系統(tǒng)了，這個系統(tǒng)帶有放大器、繼電器、燈和蜂鳴器，連接了相鄰的6座房子中孩子們的臥室。喬布斯還在玩希斯工具盒的時候，沃茲尼亞克已經(jīng)在組裝來自世界上最先進的無線電制造商哈里克拉夫特（Hallicmfters）的發(fā)射器和接收器了，他還和父親一起獲得了業(yè)余無線電執(zhí)照。

Woz spent a lot of time at home reading his father’s electronics journals, and he became enthralled by stories about new computers, such as the powerful ENIAC. Because Boolean algebra came naturally to him, he marveled at how simple, rather than complex, the computers were. In eighth grade he built a calculator that included one hundred transistors, two hundred diodes, and two hundred resistors on ten circuit boards. It won top prize in a local contest run by the Air Force, even though the competitors included students through twelfth grade.

沃茲花了大量的時間在家閱讀父親的電子學期刊，他著迷于關(guān)于新式計算機的那些故事，比如強大的埃尼阿克（ENIAC）。在接觸到布爾代數(shù)之后，他驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)其實計算機系統(tǒng)一點兒也不復雜，而是非常簡單。八年級的時候，他基于二進制理論造出了一臺計算器，把100只晶體管、200只二極管、200只電阻裝在了10塊電路板上。在當?shù)匾豁椨煽哲娕e辦的賽事上，盡管參賽者中還有十二年級的學生，但這臺計算器還是贏得了最高獎。

Woz became more of a loner when the boys his age began going out with girls and partying, endeavors that he found far more complex than designing circuits. “Where before I was popular and riding bikes and everything, suddenly I was socially shut out,” he recalled. “It seemed like nobody spoke to me for the longest time.” He found an outlet by playing juvenile pranks. In twelfth grade he built an electronic metronome—one of those tick-tick-tick devices that keep time in music class—and realized it sounded like a bomb. So he took the labels off some big batteries, taped them together, and put it in a school locker; he rigged it to start ticking faster when the locker opened. Later that day he got called to the principal’s office. He thought it was because he had won, yet again, the school’s top math prize. Instead he was confronted by the police. The principal had been summoned when the device was found, bravely ran onto the football field clutching it to his chest, and pulled the wires off. Woz tried and failed to suppress his laughter. He actually got sent to the juvenile detention center, where he spent the night. It was a memorable experience. He taught the other prisoners how to disconnect the wires leading to the ceiling fans and connect them to the bars so people got shocked when touching them.

與沃茲同齡的男孩已開始跟女孩約會、參加各種派對，而他覺得這些都比設計電路更為復雜，他顯得更加不合群了?！爸拔疫€挺受歡迎的，但突然間我就被孤立了，”他回憶說，“很長的一段時間都沒有人跟我說話。”他找到了一個發(fā)泄的辦法：搞些幼稚的惡作劇。高中四年級的時候，他做了一個電子節(jié)拍器——音樂教室里用來打拍子的、會發(fā)出“滴答”聲的裝置——然后他意識到“滴答”聲聽上去很像是炸彈定時器的聲音。于是他把一些大塊電池的標簽撕掉，把它們綁在一起，然后放進了學校的儲物柜里。他設定好裝置，一旦柜門被打開，“滴答”頻率就會變高。那天晚些時候，他被叫到了校長辦公室。他還以為是因為他又一次獲得了學校的最高數(shù)學獎。然而，等待他的是警察。校長布呂德先生（Mr.Bryld）在裝置剛被發(fā)現(xiàn)時就被叫到了現(xiàn)場，他一把抓起那個玩意兒，緊貼胸口，抱著它勇敢地跑到了操場，然后把上面的電線拆掉。沃茲強忍著，但還是控制不住笑了出來。那天他真的被送到了青少年拘留中心，在那兒過丁一晚上。沃茲認為那是一段難忘的經(jīng)歷。他在里面教其他犯人把通到天花板上風扇的電線接到鐵窗上，這樣一且有人碰到就會被電擊一下。