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Top 10 tips for writing a paper
寫好論文的十大技巧
1.Every paper tells a story
每篇論文都講述了一個故事。
what is the “elevator pitch” of your story? elevator pitch = summary that is short enough to give during an elevator ride
換句話說，你的“電梯陳述”（elevator pitch）是什么？如何利用搭乘電梯的短暫時間向別人陳述足夠精煉的總結(jié)？
the story is not what you did, but rather what you show, new ideas, new insights？why interesting, important?
這個故事講的不是你做了什么，而是你要展示什么。有沒有新的想法，新的見解，它們?yōu)槭裁从腥ぁ⒅匾?br />why is the story of interest to others? universal truths, hot topic, surprises or unexpected results?
為什么別人會對你的故事感興趣？發(fā)現(xiàn)了普遍的真理，觸及了熱點話題，讓人吃驚，還是有出人意料的結(jié)果？
know your story!
了解你的故事！
2.Write top down
按照自頂向下的順序?qū)懽?br />計算機科學家（以及大多數(shù)人）以這種方式思考問題
computer scientists (and most human beings) think this way!
先陳述寬泛的主題或想法，然后再進入細節(jié)。一定要交代背景！
state broad themes/ideas first, then go into detail. context, context, context
即使進入了細節(jié)，也要自頂向下來寫！
even when going into detail … write top down!
3.Introduction: crucial, formulaic
Introduction：至關(guān)重要，已經(jīng)程式化
如果讀者沒有被介紹部分打動，論文就失敗了
if reader not excited by intro, paper is lost
結(jié)構(gòu)：
recipe:
第1段：寫作動機：很寬泛，問題領(lǐng)域是什么，為什么重要？
para. 1: motivation: broadly, what is problem area, why important?
第2段：縮小范圍：你具體考慮的問題是什么？
para. 2: narrow down: what is problem you specifically consider
第3段：“In the paper, we ….”：最重要的一段，寫出你的電梯陳述
para. 3: “In the paper, we ….”: most crucial paragraph, tell your elevator pitch
第4段：和其它研究結(jié)果相比，有怎樣的不同/更好/相關(guān)之處？
para. 4: how different/better/relates to other work
第5段：“The remainder of this paper is structured as follows”
para. 5: “The remainder of this paper is structured as follows”
4.paragraph = ordered set of topically-related sentences
段 = 一些相關(guān)話題的句子的有序集合
lead sentence: sets context for paragraph, might tie to previous paragraph
每段頭一句：為這一段設(shè)定背景；有可能起到承上啟下的作用
sentences in paragraph should have logical narrative flow, relating to theme/topic
段落中的句子應(yīng)該扣住主題，按照邏輯關(guān)系進行陳述
don’t mix tenses in descriptive text
不要在描述性的文字里混合不同的時態(tài)
one sentence paragraph: warning!
只有一句的段落：慎用！
5.Put yourself in place of the reader
將自己擺在讀者的位置
less is more:“I would have sent you less if I had had time”, take the time to write less
Less is more：花些時間寫得更簡練
readers shouldn’t have to work, won’t “dig” to get story, understand context, results
讀者不應(yīng)該花費太多精力去理解你的故事、背景、結(jié)果
need textual signposts to know where ‘story” is going, context to know where they are
需要一些路標性的文字讓讀者知道故事進行到哪里了以及相關(guān)的背景。
good: “e.g., Having seen that … let us next develop a model for …. Let Z be ….”
好: “e.g., Having seen that … let us next develop a model for …. Let Z be ….”
bad: “Let Z be”
糟: “Let Z be”
what does reader know/not know, want/not want? write for reader, not for yourself
了解讀者知道什么，不知道什么，想要什么，不想要什么。論文是為讀者寫的，不是為你自己。
page upon page of dense text is no fun to read
一頁又一頁密密麻麻的文字會讓人讀起來索然無味
avoid cramped feeling of tiny fonts, small margins
避免使用難以辨認的字體和太小的頁邊距
create openess with white space: figures, lists
利用圖表在文字間開辟一些空白區(qū)域
enough context/information for reader to understand what you write?
是否有足夠的信息（包括背景知識）讓讀者理解你所寫的
no one has as much background/content as you
沒有人擁有和你一樣多的背景知識
no one can read your mind
沒有人能讀懂你的心思
all terms/notation defined?
有沒有未定義的術(shù)語/符號？
