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Today in History: Thursday, January 31, 2013
歷史上的今天：2013年1月31日，星期四
On Jan. 31, 1958, the United States entered the Space Age with its first successful launch of a satellite into orbit, Explorer I.
在1958年1月31日，美國第一顆衛星“探險號”成功發射進入軌道，美國進入太空時代。
1606 Guy Fawkes, convicted for his part in the Gunpowder Plot against the English Parliament and King James I, was executed.
1606年，蓋伊·福克斯因參與“火藥陰謀”反對英國議會和詹姆斯國王被執行死刑。
1797 Composer Franz Schubert was born in Vienna, Austria.
1797年，作曲家弗朗茲·舒伯特在奧地利維也納出生。
1865 Robert E. Lee was named general-in-chief of the Confederate armies.
1865年，羅伯特·李將軍被任命為南方邦聯軍隊總司令。
1917 Germany announced a policy of unrestricted submarine warfare.
1917年，德國宣布一項無限制潛艇戰政策。
1919 Baseball Hall of Famer Jackie Robinson, who broke the sport's color barrier in 1947, was born in Cairo, Ga.
1919年，在1947年打破了膚色障礙的棒球名人堂成員杰基·羅賓遜在開羅出生。
1944 U.S. forces invaded the Japanese-held Marshall Islands during World War II.
1944年，二戰期間，美國軍隊入侵日本占領的馬紹爾群島。
1949 The first TV daytime soap opera, "These Are My Children," was broadcast by the NBC station in Chicago.
1949年，第一部電視日間肥皂劇《這些是我的孩子》在芝加哥NBC電臺播出。
1950 President Harry S. Truman announced that he had ordered development of the hydrogen bomb.
1950年，杜魯門總統宣布他已下令研制氫彈。
1971 Astronauts Alan B. Shepard Jr., Edgar D. Mitchell and Stuart A. Roosa blasted off aboard Apollo 14 on the third successful manned mission to the moon.
1971年，宇航員Alan B. Shepard Jr., Edgar D. Mitchell and Stuart A. Roosa搭乘阿波羅14號成功進行載人登月計劃。
1990 McDonald's Corp. opened its first fast-food restaurant in Moscow.
1990年，麥當勞在莫斯科開設了第一家快餐店。
2000 An Alaska Airlines jet plunged into the ocean off Southern California on a flight from Mexico to San Francisco, killing all 88 people on board.
2000年，阿拉斯加航空公司從墨西哥飛往舊金山的飛機墜入南加州外的大海，機上88人全部遇難。
2006 Samuel Alito was confirmed by the Senate and sworn in as a Supreme Court justice.
2006年，塞繆爾·阿利托經參議院確認宣誓就任最高法院法官。
2006 The Senate approved Ben Bernanke as chairman of the Federal Reserve.
2006年，參議院批準伯南克為美聯儲主席。
2011 Egypt's military promised not to fire on peaceful protests and recognized "the legitimacy of the people's demands."
2011年，埃及軍隊承諾針對和平抗議不使用火力，承認“人民需求的合法性。”
2011 Myanmar opened its first parliament in more than two decades.
2011年，二十多年來，緬甸召開首次議會。
