從句與先行詞一致


1. 子句與先行詞一致主要指形容詞子句的關(guān)系代名詞和述語動詞與主要子句的先行詞的一致。

2. 關(guān)系代名詞who, which, that在形容詞子句中作主語時,人稱、性、數(shù)以及述語動詞必須和先行詞一致。
I, who am your friend, can help you.
我作為你的朋友可以幫助你。

I, who am your classmate, can understand you.
我是你的同班同學,能了解你。

You, who are my good friend, can help me.
你是我的好朋友,能幫助我。

3. 關(guān)系代名詞作形容詞子句的主語時用主格;作賓語時則用賓格。
That's the girl whom I want to meet.
那正是我要認識的女孩。

Hi, there is a boy who wants to meet you.
嗨，有個男孩兒想認識你。

This is the student who wants to see you.
就是這個學生想見你。
who作主語,是主格。

This is the student whom you want to see.
這就是你想要見的學生。
whom作賓語,是賓格。

4. 若先行詞有兩個,一個是物,一個是人,則關(guān)系代名詞用that。
My friend loves anybody and anything that is pretty.
我的朋友喜歡任何漂亮的人或事物。

He loves anybody and anything that is useful to him.
他喜歡對他有用的任何人和任何物。

5. 先行詞是集合名詞,表示組成的成員時,子句的述語動詞用復數(shù);表示整體意念時,子句的述語動詞用單數(shù)。
This is a family who often quarrel among themselves.
這是一個經(jīng)常吵架的家庭。
family指家庭中的各個成員。

Tom's is a family which has just migrated from South Africa.
湯姆的家庭是一個從南非移民來的家庭。
family指家庭整體。

6. 強調(diào)非動詞的句子中的一致性。
It is John who is wrong.
是約翰的不對。

7. 在強調(diào)非動詞時,被強調(diào)部分為兩個并列的名詞或代名詞,形容詞子句的述語動詞與后一個或表示肯定的代名詞一致。
Is it he or you who want to meet me?
是他還是你想認識我？

It is girl, not drinks that interests me now.
現(xiàn)在讓我感興趣的不是喝的而是女孩兒。

It is speed, not bad roads that causes accidents.
引起交通事故的不是不良的路面而是速度。

It's he or you who (that) are wrong.
不是你錯就是他錯。