評(píng)論
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Anchors Away, Me Boys—but How Far?
錨應(yīng)該拋多遠(yuǎn)？
Anchors away, me boys—but how far? On this moment of science.What happens if you throw your anchor overboard and there isn't enough chain to reach the bottom? Does the anchor haul you down with it?
但錨還不夠長(zhǎng)，沒法觸底固定，那么錨會(huì)把船拖下水嗎？朋友們，又到了“科學(xué)一刻”的時(shí)間了。拋錨了，錨究竟該拋多遠(yuǎn)呢？如果你將錨拋出船外，
This sounds a little bit like something that would happen in a cartoon. But for sailors it's no laughing matter. It's unlikely the whole ship would be pulled under, but there could very well be damage to the hull caused by not having enough chain—including a sudden hole where the anchor used to be.
這聽起來(lái)像是動(dòng)畫片里才能看到場(chǎng)景，但對(duì)水手來(lái)說(shuō)可不是開玩笑。發(fā)生這種情況時(shí)，整艘船被拖下水可能性不大，但船體很有可能受到大的破壞，比如船上原本固定錨的地方會(huì)被突然扯出一個(gè)洞。
That’s why the nautical rule of thumb is to use three times as much chain as is needed to hit bottom. That extra chain piles up around the anchor and provides added stability.
所以，對(duì)于航海有條黃金法則：使用比觸底所需的長(zhǎng)度長(zhǎng)兩倍的錨。多余部分的錨鏈會(huì)在固定錨的周圍盤起，從而加強(qiáng)船的穩(wěn)定性。
Still, what if you don't know how deep the water is? Or what if you just make a mistake? The navy has prepared for this by building what is called a "weak link" into their anchor chains.
但要是不知道水有多深，或者不小心失誤了怎么辦？為了解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，海軍設(shè)計(jì)了有“弱環(huán)”鏈接的錨鏈。
The weak link is the last link in the chain, and while it's strong enough to hold together in general, it's weak enough to break if the whole weight of the anchor and chain is put on it. The weak link there is as a safety valve. Because it's the very last link, under normal circumstances it never gets played out at all; you always want to have some chain left on the ship.
弱環(huán)是錨鏈的最后一環(huán)，通常它可以緊扣錨鏈，在受到整條錨鏈的重力時(shí)才會(huì)斷裂，就像一個(gè)安全閥門。正因?yàn)樗钦麠l錨鏈的最后一環(huán)，一般根本受不到力，因?yàn)榭傆幸徊糠宙湕l還留在船上。
But, if the anchor is still zooming down full speed at the point where the entire chain runs out, the abrupt jerk will cause that link to snap. Without the safety valve of the weak link, sailors might routinely drop more than their anchors.
但要是在整條錨鏈已完全拋出，錨還在急速下降，猛然的拉動(dòng)還是會(huì)扯斷弱環(huán)。如果沒有弱環(huán)作為安全閥，恐怕被拋入水底的就是那些水手了。
