主動語態變被動語態


1.主動語態變為被動語態，主語變為介系詞by的賓語，賓語變為主語，人稱代名詞的格也要變化。

Peter, I heard he was hit by you. (被)

Peter, I heard you hit him. (主)

彼得，我聽說你打了他。

I hit him.(主)

He was hit by me. (被)

我打了他。

2.主動語態變為被動語態，句子的時態保持不變。

I will give him a pen.(主)

He will be given a pen by me.(被)

我將給他一支筆。

3.一些與格動詞的被動語態有兩種形式;另一些與格動詞如：write, make, bring等的被動語態則只能以直接賓語作主語。

A toy was given to Tom by me. (被)

Tom was given a toy by me. (被)

I will give Tom a toy. (主)

我給湯姆一個玩具。

Tom gave me a pen.(主)

A pen was given to me by Tom.(被)

I was given a pen by Tom.(被)

湯姆給我一枝筆。

A big cake was brought to me by you. (被)

You brought me a big cake. (主)

你帶給我一個大蛋糕。

She wrote me a letter.(主)

A letter was written to me by her.(被)

她給我寫了一封信。

write當述語動詞，在此只能用直接賓語letter當被動語態的主語。

4.在感官動詞或使役動詞后作補語的原形動詞，在被動語態中用不定詞。

You were heard to talk with Peter. (被)

I heard you talk with Peter. (主)

我聽到你和彼得談話。

I saw her come out of the classroom.(主)

She was seen to come out of the classroom by me.(被)

我看見她出了教室。

5.主動語態中如用people, somebody等作主語，被動語態中可省略賓語。

People eat watermelons in the summer.(主)

Watermelons are eaten in the summer.(被)

在夏天吃西瓜。

6.否定句的被動語態中，not放在第一個助動詞后。

I should not be blamed by you. (被)

You should not blame me. (主)

你不應該責怪我。

You should not write this letter.(主)

This letter should not be written by you.(被)

你不應該寫這封信。

7.疑問句的被動語態中，用BE的對應形式代替DO。

Does she drive this car?(主)

Is this car driven by her?(被)

她開這輛車嗎?

What shall we do next?(主)

What will be done by us next?(被)

我們下一步做什么?

8.祈使句的被動語態形式為：let+賓語+be+過去分詞。

Open the door please.(主)

Let the door be opened please.(被)

請開門。

9.主動語態中有復合人稱代名詞時，被動語態的形式為:主動語態的主語+BE+過去分詞。

Tom was hurt. (被)

Tom hurt himself. (主)

湯姆自己受的傷。