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困在礦井里
文章講解
Six men have been trapped in a mine for seventeen hours. If they are not brought to the surface soon they may lose their lives. However, rescue operations are proving difficult. If explosives are used, vibrations will cause the roof of the mine to collapse. Rescue workers are therefore drilling a hole on the north side of the mine. They intend to bring the men up in a special capsule. If there had not been a hard layer of rock beneath the soil, they would have completed the job in a few hours. As it is, they have been drilling for sixteen hours and they still have a long way to go. Meanwhile, a microphone, which was lowered into the mine two hours ago, has enabled the men to keep in touch with their closest relatives. Though they are running out of food and drink, the men are cheerful and confident that they will get out soon. They have been told that rescue operations are progressing smoothly. If they knew how difficult it was to drill through the hard rock, they would lose heart.
一、詞匯部分
1.trap/træp/ v. 陷入，使陷于困境
2.surface/ˈsɜː.fɪs/ n. 地面，表面
3.explosive/ɪkˈsploʊ.sɪv/ n. 炸藥
動詞：explode
后綴：-ive名詞后綴（detective 偵探）
4.vibration/vaɪˈbreɪ.ʃən/ n. 震動
詞根：vibr-震動（vibrator /ˈvaɪ.breɪ.t̬ɚ/）
5.collapse/kəˈlæps/ v. 坍塌
6.drill/drɪl/ v. 鉆孔
7.capsule/ˈkæp.səl/ n. 容器
8.layer/ˈleɪ.ɚ/ n. 層
9.beneath/bɪˈniːθ/ prep. 在......之下
10.lower/ˈloʊ.ɚ/ v. 放下，降低
11.progress/ˈprɑː.ɡres/ v. 進展，進行
12.smoothly/ˈsmuːð.li/ adv. 順利地
一、文章講解
1. Six men have been trapped in a mine for seventeen hours. If they are not brought to the surface soon they may lose their lives. However, rescue operations are proving difficult.
1)Have been done 完成式的被動語態(tài)
eg. My future has been on my mind heavy lately. From my career all the way down to my happiness. May god be with me. I just want to be great!
Eg. Peterhas been ruined by the internet.
2)feel/be trapped：to be in a bad situation from which you cannot escape
eg. Laurafelt trapped in her role of wife and mother.
Eg. At 31, Laura feels trapped in a boring job.
3)if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句：主將從現(xiàn)
e.g. If you really wanna do something, I firmly believe you can do it, somehow.
e.g. If you speak one more word, I will never forgive you.
4)bring 相關(guān)搭配
bring something about：make something happen
e.g. A huge amount of environmental damage has been brought about by the destruction of the rainforests.
Bring someone/something along: to take someone or something with you when you go somewhere
e.g. You’re welcome to bring along a friend.
e.g. I’ve brought some pictures along to show you.
2.If explosives are used, vibrations will cause the roof of the mine to collapse. Rescue workers are therefore drilling a hole on the north side of the mine.
1)use必備搭配
be used to do something
be/get used to doing something
used to do something
it’s no use doing something
e.g. These drugs are used to treat a serious disease
e.g. I can't get used to this work environment.
e.g. I used to play tennis when I was a child
e.g. It’s no use crying over spilt milk
2)vibrate 震動的
eg. put your phone on silent (mode)
e.g Put your phone on vibrate.
e.g. The floor was vibrating to the beat of the music.
3.They intend to bring the men up in a special capsule. If there had not been a hard layer of rock beneath the soil, they would have completed the job in a few hours.
1)intend to do something 打算做某事
plan to do something 計劃做某事
Put down:
1)to put someone or something onto a surface, especiallythe floor
e.g. Emma put her bag down and went upstairs.
2)To criticize someone, especially when other people are present, in a way that makes them feel stupid.
e.g. He’s always trying to put me down.
e.g. Stop putting yourself down. You’re a very intelligent woman.
3)to kill an animal using a drug because it is very old, ill, or dangerous
have something put down:
e.g. We’re probably going to have the cat put down next week.
4)to write something on a piece of paper
e.g. I put my name down on the list.
e.g. Can you put your phone number down in the book?
5)to write someone’s name on a list, especially so that they can take part in something (put someone down to do something)
e.g. I’ve put you down to helpwith the food.
6)to pay part of the cost of something and agree to pay the rest later
e.g. We’ve put down a deposit on a new car.
2)虛擬語氣，對過去虛擬：If + had done, would/could/should/might + have done
1.If only I __play the guitar as well as you!
A would B could C should D might
2.It's high time we __ cutting down the rainforests.
A stopped B had to stop C shall stop D stop
3.It is imperative that the government __ more investment into the shipbuilding industry.
A attracts B shall attract C attract D has to
4.Had Judy been more careful on the math exam, she ____ much better results now.
A. would be getting B. could have got
C. must get D. would get
1)as it is
a)in the present condition : the way it is
e.g. Leave everything exactly/just as it is.
b)with the situation that exists now
e.g. We have enough to do as it is without your latest orders!
c)already:
I’m not buying the children anything else today. I’ve spent far too much money as it is.
2)Have a long way to go 還有很長的路要走
Meaning: to need to do a lot more before you are successful
e.g. We’ve raised$1000 so far, but we still have a long way to go.
e.g. He has a long way to go before he can present the plans to the public.
3)名詞＋which 引導(dǎo)定語從句
E.g. Thatwhich does not kill us makes us stronger.
4)Keep in touch
E.g. Let’s keep in touch.咱們保持聯(lián)系啊。
5. Thoughthey are running out of food and drink, the men are cheerful and confident that they will get out soon. They have been told that rescue operations are progressing smoothly. If they knew how difficult it was to drill through the hard rock, they would lose heart.
1)though 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句
as / though引起的倒裝分三種情況：表語、動詞原形及狀語的倒裝。
1.表語的倒裝（不定冠詞a / an須被?。?br />E.g. Child as / though he is, he knows much about the society.
2.原形動詞的倒裝
E.g. Swim as / though he can, he can’t swim so far.
E.g. Run as / though he did, he didn’t run fast enough to catch the bus.
3.狀語倒裝
e.g. In the classroom as / though he stays, he doesn’t read his texts.
e.g. Carefully as / though he worked, he made some mistakes.
2)If 引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣。
3)lose heart
meaning: to stop believing that you can succeed
e,g. He never lost heart, even though his rival was way ahead.
口語擴展：
Ordering a meal
