Lesson 13 A successful operation

一例成功的手術

一、詞匯部分
1.mummy/ˈmʌm.i/n. 木乃伊
2.Egyptian /iˈdʒɪp.ʃən/adj. 埃及的
擴展：Egypt 埃及

3.temple/ˈtem.pəl/n. 廟
擴展：monk/nun/contemplation

4.mark/mɑːrk/n. 斑點
擴展：marker /stain

5.plate/pleɪt/ n. （照相）底片
擴展：Can you take a photo for us?

6.disease/dɪˈziːz/ n. 疾病
擴展：ailment/ill/sick

7.last/læst/v. 持續
例句：I don’t know when it’ll end. It has lasted for at least a week.

8.prove/pruːv/ v. 顯示出
例句：Prove them wrong.

9.resin /ˈrez.ɪn/n. 樹脂
10.skin/skɪn/n. 皮膚
11.section/ˈsek.ʃən/n. 切片
詞根：sect-切割／seg-／segment

12.figure/ˈfɪɡ.jɚ/n.（人的）體形；人像
搭配：figure out 搞清楚，弄明白

13.normally/ˈnɔːr.mə.li/adv. 通常地
14.survive/sɚˈvaɪv/v. 幸免于
擴展：vivid 生動的，活潑的

文章講解

The mummy of an Egyptian woman who died in 800 B.C. has just had an operation. The mummy is that of Shepenmut who was once a singer in the Temple of Thebes. As there were strange marks on the X-ray plates taken of the mummy, doctors have been trying to find out whether the woman died of a rare disease. The only way to do this was to operate. The operation, which lasted for over four hours, proved to be very difficult because of the hard resin which covered the skin. The doctors removed a section of the mummy and sent it to a laboratory. They also found something which the X-ray plates did not show: a small wax figure of the god Duamutef. This god which has the head of a cow was normally placed inside a mummy. The doctors have not yet decided how the woman died. They feared that the mummy would fall to pieces when they cut it open, but fortunately this has not happened. The mummy successfully survived the operation.

文章精講：

1.The mummy of an Egyptian woman who died in 800 B.C. has just had an operation.

知識點:
定語從句：人＋who標志詞（復詞整個語法體系的結構）
例句：Peter is this kind of guy who always put himself in the first place.

定語從句的功能：形容詞——修飾名詞。寫作方法，兩步法：
1)先寫簡單句。
2)合并簡單句。

皮特是第一個能在哈佛大學畢業典禮上演講的中國人。

1)Peter is the first Chinese
2)Peter speaks at Harvard’s commencement.

合：Peter is the first Chinese who speaks at Harvard’s commencement.

主句：The mummyhas just had an operation

Someone was once a +職業——曾經是…職業。
例：Jack was once a teacher in college, but he quit and started his own business. So, here comes Alibaba.

2.As there were strange marks on the X-ray plates taken of the mummy, doctors have been trying to find out whether the woman died of a rare disease.

知識點:
As 的3個詞性（副詞，介詞，連詞）
As引導讓步狀語從句時，如果表語是：名詞、形容詞、副詞、動詞（后面有情態動詞）

1)Tired as I was, I tried to help them.
雖然我很累，我還是努力幫助他們。

2)Try as he would, he couldn’t open the door.
他試過多次了, 卻仍打不開那門。

3)Search as they would, they would find nobody in the house.
無論怎樣搜查，他們在房子里仍然沒有找到一個人。

4)Hard as (though) they tried, they couldn’t make her change her mind.
盡管他們做了很大努力，卻沒法讓她改變主意

5)Boy as he was, he behaved like a girl.
他雖是個男孩，但舉止卻像個女孩。

過去分詞做后置定語
結構：名詞＋動詞過去分詞
例句：As there were strange marks on the X-ray plates taken of the mummy

完成進行時——最近一直做某事
原句：doctors have been trying to find out whether the woman died of a rare disease.

Take 詞匯必備用法：

1)what do you take me for ?
2)Let’s take five
3)I can take care of this
4)It takes two to tango
5)Take a shower/take a bath
6)take a nap
7)take a leak
8)take it the wrong way
9)What's your take on this?
10)Can I take a day off tomorrow?
11)I don't feel like going out. Let's order take out.
12)take years off ／The haircut took years off you.
13)I gotta take off.
14)I'll take it from here.
15)take after. He takes after his mother.
16)Don't take it so hard

3.The only way to do this was to operate. The operation, which lasted for over four hours, proved to be very difficult because of the hard resin which covered the skin.

知識點:
The only way to do something is/was….
例句：The only way to learn English well is to stop looking for “magic methods” but start learning.
例句：The only way to do something well is to start doing.

非限定性定語從句
a.名詞／句子，which
b.翻譯處理：可以單獨成句。

The operation, which lasted for over four hours, proved to be very difficult

限定性定語從句
the hard resin which covered the skin


4.The doctors removed a section of the mummy and sent it to a laboratory. They also found something which the X-ray plates did not show: a small wax figure of the god Duamutef.

5.This god which has the head of a cow was normally placed inside a mummy. The doctors have not yet decided how the woman died. They feared that the mummy would fall to pieces when they cut it open, but fortunately this has not happened. The mummy successfully survived the operation.

知識點:
定語從句：this god + which
have 詞的用法
賓語從句

擴展閱讀：What made you sad today?

This little baby got stuck in the drain and couldn’t get out for three hours.
I am unable to look into his pleading eyes. I feel like he is looking at the camera in a very depressing way, asking for help instead of taking pictures.
This happened in Thailand. While this is not the first time that a baby elephant fell into a drain, there is something more depressing about this picture. When I look into his eyes, I feel like I’m dying inside.
I wish all babies out there peace in the world.
May no species in this world go through this pain.