Passage
文章
How does a computer work?
計算機是如何工作的?
professional terms
專業術語
diskette n.
磁盤
memory n.
存儲器,記憶
processor n.
處理機,處理程序
keyboard n.
鍵盤
manipulate v.
操作,操縱,處理
A computer is controlled by a stored program
計算機是受存儲程序控制的。
thus ,the first step in using the machine is copying the program from diskette into memory.
因此使用計算機的第一步是把程序從軟盤上拷貝到內存中,
Now ,the processor can begin executing instructions.
處理器就能開始執行指令了。
Input data from the keyboard are stored memory.
從鍵盤輸入的數據也被存在了主存中。
The processor manipulates the data.
處理器加工數據。
Storing the results back into memory.
把結果送回主存。
Finally ,the results are output.
最后輸出結果。
Notes
注意事項
A computer is controlled by a stored program: thus the first step in using the machine is copying the the program from diskette into memory.
計算機是存儲程序控制的,因此使用計算機的第一步是把程序從軟盤上拷貝到內存中。
Professional Terms
專業術語
content n.
內容,目錄
invoice n.
發票,發貨票
collection n.
收集物,收藏品
chart n.
圖(表)
joystick n.
操縱桿
imaginary a.
想象中的;假想的
Memory's contents are easy to change.
主存中的內容很容易改變。
Thus, when one set of data has been processed, the program can be repeated.
因此,當一組數據被處理完后,程序還可以重復使用,
reading and processing new data, and generating new output.
再讀入和處理新的數據,并得到新的結果。
If the data can be changed , why not the program?
如果數據能改變,程序為什么不能被改變?
When a program is finished, a new one can take its place in memory, allowing the computer to process completely different data.
當一個程序運行完后,另一個新程序就占據了它在主存中的位置,讓計算機去處理完全不同的數據。
One minute it can generate paychecks from labor data under control of a payroll program.
某一時刻計算機能在工資管理程序的控制下,根據員工的數據產生工資單。
The next minute, it can prepare bills from invoices under control of a billing program.
接著計算機又能在帳目管理程序的控制下,從各種數據中產生所需帳單。
Later, this same colletion of components ,controlled by yet another program, can read statistical data and produce a bar chart.
以后,仍是這臺計算機,還可以其它程序的控制下,讀入統計數據,產生一個柱狀圖表,
or sense the movements of a joystick and manipulate the position of an imaginary spaceship on a display screen.
或者指示操縱桿的運動方向,操控一個假想的宇宙飛船在屏幕上的位置。