第一篇

Death of a Farm 出處：http://www.nytimes.com/2010/08/01/opinion/01sun2.html（2010.08.01）

Farms go out of business for many reasons, but few farms do merely because the soil has failed. That is the miracle of farming. If you care for the soil, it will last — and yield — nearly forever. America is such a young country that we have barely tested that. For most of our history, there has been new land to farm, and we still farm as though there always will be.

Still, there are some very old farms out there. The oldest is the Tuttle farm, near Dover, N.H., which is also one of the oldest business enterprises in America. It made the news last week because its owner — a lineal descendant of John Tuttle, the original settler — has decided to go out of business. It was founded in 1632. I hear its sweet corn is legendary.

The year 1632 is unimaginably distant. In 1632, Galileo was still publishing, and John Locke was born. There were perhaps 10,000 colonists in all of America, only a few hundred of them in New Hampshire. The Tuttle acres, then, would have seemed almost as surrounded as they do in 2010, but by forest instead of highways and houses.

It was a precarious operation at the start — as all farming was in the new colonies—and it became precarious enough again in these past few years to peter out at last. The land is protected by a conservation easement so it can’t be developed, but no one knows whether the next owner will farm it.

In a letter on their Web site, the Tuttles cite “exhaustion of resources” as the reason to sell the farm. The exhausted resources they list include bodies, minds, hearts, imagination, equipment, machinery and finances. They do not mention soil, which has been renewed and redeemed repeatedly. It’s as though the parishioners of the First Parish Church in nearby Dover — erected nearly 200 years later, in 1829 — had rebuilt the structure on the same spot every few years.

It is too simple to say, as the Tuttles have, that the recession killed a farm that had survived for nearly 400 years. What killed it was the economic structure of food production. Each year it has become harder for family farms to compete with industrial scale agriculture — heavily subsidized by the government — underselling them at every turn. In a system committed to the health of farms and their integration with local communities, the result would have been different. In 1632, and for many years after, the Tuttle farm was a necessity. In 2010, it is suddenly superfluous, or so we like to pretend.

第二篇Global Youth Unemployment Reaches New High

出處：http://www.nytimes.com/2010/08/12/business/global/12youth.html小改動一點點，基本不差。（2010.08.12）

PARIS — Youth unemployment across the world has climbed to a new high and is likely to climb further this year, a United Nations agency said Thursday, while warning of a “lost generation” as more young people give up the search for work.

The agency, the International Labor Organization, said in a report that of some 620 million young people ages 15 to 24 in the work force, about 81 million were unemployed at the end of 2009 — the highest level in two decades of record-keeping by the organization, which is based in Geneva.

The youth unemployment rate increased to 13 percent in 2009 from 11.9 percent in the last assessment in 2007.

“There’s never been an increase of this magnitude — both in terms of the rate and the level — since we’ve been tracking the data,” said Steven Kapsos, an economist with the organization. The agency forecast that the global youth unemployment rate would continue to increase through 2010, to 13.1 percent, as the effects of the economic downturn continue. It should then decline to 12.7 percent in 2011.

The agency’s 2010 report found that unemployment has hit young people harder than adults during the financial crisis, from which most economies are only just emerging, and that recovery of the job market for young men and women will lag behind that of adults. The impact of the crisis also has been felt in shorter hours and reduced wages for those who maintain salaried employment.

In some especially strained European countries, including Spain and Britain, many young people have become discouraged and given up the job hunt, it said. The trend will have “significant consequences for young people,” as more and more join the ranks of the already unemployed, it said. That has the potential to create a “ ‘lost generation’ comprised of young people who have dropped out of the labor market, having lost all hope of being able to work for a decent living.”

The report said that young people in developing economies are more vulnerable to precarious employment and poverty.

About 152 million young people, or a quarter of all the young workers in the world, are employed but remain in extreme poverty in households surviving on less than $1.25 a person a day in 2008, the report said.

“The number of young people stuck in working poverty grows, and the cycle of working poverty persists,” the agency’s director-general, Juan Somavia, said.

Young women still have more difficulty than young men in finding work, the report added. The female youth unemployment rate in 2009 stood at 13.2 percent, compared with the male rate of 12.9 percent. The gap of 0.3 percentage point was the same as in 2007.

The report studied the German, British, Spanish and Estonian labor markets and found that Germany had been most successful in bringing down long-term youth unemployment. In Spain and Britain, increases in unemployment were particularly pronounced for those with lower education levels.

Data from Eurostat, the European Union’s statistical agency, show Spain had a jobless rate of 40.5 percent in May for people under 25. That was the highest level among the 27 members of the European Union, far greater than the 9.4 percent in Germany in May and 19.7 percent in Britain in March.

2011年5月CATTI二級筆譯翻譯實務中譯英

第一篇。

（出處：09年 胡錦濤在亞太經合組織工商領導人峰會上題為《堅定合作信心　振興世界經濟》演講）

60年來特別是改革開放30年來，中國取得了舉世矚目的發展成就，經濟實力和綜合國力顯著增強，各項社會事業全面進步，人民生活從溫飽不足發展到總體小康，中國社會迸發出前所未有的活力和創造力。

同時，我們清醒地認識到，中國仍然是世界上最大的發展中國家，中國在發展進程中遇到的矛盾和問題無論規模還是復雜性都世所罕見。要全面建成惠及十幾億人口的更高水平的小康社會，進而基本實現現代化、實現全體人民共同富裕，還有很長的路要走。

我們將繼續從本國國情出發，堅持中國特色社會主義道路，堅持改革開放，推動科學發展，促進社會和諧，全面推進經濟建設、政治建設、文化建設、社會建設以及生態文明建設，全力做到發展為了人民、發展依靠人民、發展成果由人民共享。

第二篇

（出處：http://www.gov.cn/jrzg/2010-02/16/content_1535844.htm）

非物質文化遺產是民族文化的精華、民族智慧的結晶。我國有56個民族，各民族在長期的歷史發展進程中創造了豐富多彩的非物質文化遺產。

改革開放以來，由于工業化和城市化的加速，人們的生產生活方式發生了重大變化，也使非物質文化遺產賴以生存的環境不同程度地遭到破壞。

作為一種鮮活的文化，非物質文化遺產是民眾生活的重要組成部分，在當代仍然散發著獨特的光彩和魅力，仍然是傳承文化、推動社會發展的不竭動力，是文化創新的基礎和源泉。

因此，搶救和保護那些處于瀕危和生存困境中的非物質文化遺產，已成為時代賦予我們的非常緊迫的歷史任務。

文化生態保護區是以保護非物質文化遺產為核心、對歷史積淀豐厚、存續狀態良好、具有鮮明地域文化特色和價值的文化形態進行整體性保護，以促進經濟社會全面協調可持續發展而劃定的特定區域。