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Relatively recently, China has undergone fundamental changes from a centrally planned economy to one which embraces market forces; and from a largely rural based society to an increasingly urban one. Although rapid economic development has dramatically reduced the numbers of poor people, inequality has increased, especially between the more affluent coastal eastern regions and the poorer inland western regions.
近年來，中國經歷了根本的變革，由中央計劃經濟轉向利用市場的力量。原來基本上以鄉村為基礎的社會逐漸都市化。高速的經濟發展雖然大大減少了貧困人口的數量，但是不平等現象也有增加。東部沿海較富裕地區與西部較貧困的內陸地區的差距尤其突出。
